a Acquired Brain Injury Ireland , Republic of Ireland.
Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2013;23(5):639-57. doi: 10.1080/09602011.2013.799076. Epub 2013 May 24.
Post-traumatic growth is a process by which an individual who has faced a significantly adverse and life-altering event, can show evidence of an ability meaningfully to construe benefits from such adversity. The purpose of this study was to investigate, in a sample of people with acquired brain injury (ABI), the contribution of illness perceptions, distress, disability, and coping strategies and health to post-traumatic growth. Seventy people with an ABI took part in this cross-sectional investigation, comprising 70% males and 30% females. Traumatic brain injury accounted for the majority of brain injuries (56%), with 31% arising from a cerebrovascular accident and the remaining 13% arising from hypoxia, brain tumours, brain abcesses and encephalitis. The average time since injury was 70.43 months (SD = 55.30, range = 7-350). Participants completed assessments comprising post-traumatic growth (Post-traumatic Growth Inventory), beliefs about their condition (Illness Perception Questionnaire Revised), coping strategies (Brief COPE), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and functional disability (Functional Independence Measure and Functional Assessment Measure). All participants were accessing post-acute brain injury rehabilitation and support services. Results showed that greater levels of post-traumatic growth were associated with greater use of adaptive coping strategies (r = .597), lower levels of distress (r = -.241) and stronger beliefs about treatment-induced controllability of the effects arising from brain injury (r = .263). Greater use of adaptive coping strategies accounted for the greater proportion of the variance in post-traumatic growth (sr (2) = 0.287) and was the only variable found to make a unique and statistically significant contribution to the prediction of growth. Illness perceptions more generally were not significantly associated with growth experiences. This study provides additional evidence of the factors associated with the process of post-traumatic growth, in particular adaptive coping strategies that may help to facilitate growth, although the direction of this relationship requires further empirical investigation. The findings of this study may have implications for professionals providing neurorehabilitation services.
创伤后成长是指个体经历重大不利和改变生活的事件后，能够表现出从逆境中获得意义的能力。本研究旨在调查脑损伤后人群中，疾病认知、痛苦、残疾、应对策略和健康对创伤后成长的贡献。70 名脑损伤患者参与了这项横断面调查，其中 70%为男性，30%为女性。创伤性脑损伤占脑损伤的大多数（56%），31%由脑血管意外引起，其余 13%由缺氧、脑肿瘤、脑脓肿和脑炎引起。平均受伤时间为 70.43 个月（SD=55.30，范围为 7-350）。参与者完成了创伤后成长（创伤后成长量表）、对自身状况的信念（疾病认知问卷修订版）、应对策略（简短应对方式量表）、焦虑和抑郁（医院焦虑和抑郁量表）以及功能障碍（功能独立性量表和功能评估量表）的评估。所有参与者都在接受脑损伤后急性康复和支持服务。结果表明，创伤后成长水平较高与更积极的应对策略使用（r=0.597）、较低的痛苦水平（r=-0.241）以及对治疗引起的脑损伤后果可控性的信念较强（r=0.263）相关。更积极的应对策略使用解释了创伤后成长的更大比例变异（sr(2)=0.287），并且是唯一发现对成长预测有独特且统计学意义贡献的变量。一般来说，疾病认知与成长经历没有显著关联。本研究为创伤后成长过程相关因素提供了额外证据，特别是有助于促进成长的适应性应对策略，尽管这种关系的方向需要进一步的实证研究。这项研究的结果可能对提供神经康复服务的专业人员具有启示意义。
