Malbos Eric, Boyer Laurent, Lançon Christophe
CHU de Sainte-Marguerite, service de psychiatrie, 13274 Marseille, France.
Presse Med. 2013 Nov;42(11):1442-52. doi: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.01.065. Epub 2013 May 20.
Virtual reality is a media allowing users to interact in real time with computerized virtual environments. The application of this immersive technology to cognitive behavioral therapies is increasingly exploited for the treatment of mental disorders. The present study is a review of literature spanning from 1992 to 2012. It depicts the utility of this new tool for assessment and therapy through the various clinical studies carried out on subjects exhibiting diverse mental disorders. Most of the studies conducted on tested subjects attest to the significant efficacy of the Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) for the treatment of distinct mental disorders. Comparative studies of VRET with the treatment of reference (the in vivo exposure component of the cognitive behavioral therapy) document an equal efficacy of the two methods and in some cases a superior therapeutic effect in favor of the VRET. Even though clinical experiments set on a larger scale, extended follow-up and studies about factors influencing presence are needed, virtual reality exposure represents an efficacious, confidential, affordable, flexible, interactive therapeutic method which application will progressively widened in the field of mental health.
虚拟现实是一种允许用户与计算机化虚拟环境进行实时交互的媒介。这种沉浸式技术在认知行为疗法中的应用越来越多地被用于治疗精神障碍。本研究是对1992年至2012年文献的综述。它通过对表现出不同精神障碍的受试者进行的各种临床研究，描述了这种新工具在评估和治疗方面的效用。对受试对象进行的大多数研究都证明了虚拟现实暴露疗法（VRET）对治疗不同精神障碍具有显著疗效。VRET与对照治疗（认知行为疗法的现场暴露部分）的比较研究表明，这两种方法疗效相当，在某些情况下，VRET的治疗效果更佳。尽管需要开展更大规模的临床试验、延长随访时间以及对影响临场感的因素进行研究，但虚拟现实暴露是一种有效、保密、经济、灵活、交互式的治疗方法，其应用将在心理健康领域逐步扩大。
