Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2013 Aug;26(8):910-8. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2013.04.016. Epub 2013 May 23.
Clinical two-dimensional (2D) and clinical three-dimensional echocardiography are validated against cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), the gold standard for left ventricular (LV) volume measurement. In rodents, there is no widely accepted echocardiographic measure of whole LV volumes, and CMR measurements vary among studies. The aim of this study was to compare LV volumes by 2D echocardiography (using a hemisphere-cylinder [HC] model) with HC and full-volume (FV) CMR in normal and diseased rats to measure the impact of geometric models and imaging modalities.
Rats (n = 27) underwent ascending aortic banding, myocardial infarction induction by either permanent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation or ischemia-reperfusion, and sham thoracotomy. Subsequently, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and ejection fraction were measured using an HC 2D echocardiographic model combining parasternal short-axis and long-axis measurements, and these were compared with HC and FV CMR.
Diseased groups showed LV dilatation and dysfunction. HC echocardiographic and FV CMR measures of end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, and ejection fraction were correlated. On Bland-Altman plots, end-diastolic volumes were concordant between both methods, while HC echocardiography underestimated end-systolic volumes, resulting in a modest overestimation of ejection fractions compared with FV CMR. Other 2D echocardiographic geometric models offered less concordance with FV CMR than HC. HC CMR overestimated LV volumes compared with FV CMR, while HC echocardiography underestimated HC CMR volumes. Echocardiography underestimated corresponding LV dimensions by CMR, particularly short axis.
Concordant measures of LV volume and function were obtained using (1) a relatively simple HC model of the left ventricle inclusive of two orthogonal 2D echocardiographic planes and (2) FV CMR in normal and diseased rats. The HC model appeared to compensate for the underestimation of LV dimensions by echocardiography.
临床二维（2D）和临床三维超声心动图与心脏磁共振成像（CMR）相对照，后者是左心室（LV）容积测量的金标准。在啮齿动物中，没有广泛接受的整个 LV 容积的超声心动图测量方法，并且 CMR 测量值在不同的研究中有所不同。本研究的目的是比较正常和患病大鼠的 LV 容积，通过 2D 超声心动图（使用半球圆柱[HC]模型）与 HC 和全容积（FV）CMR，以测量几何模型和成像方式的影响。
大鼠（n=27）接受升主动脉带结扎，通过永久性左前降支冠状动脉结扎或缺血再灌注诱导心肌梗死，并进行假开胸手术。随后，使用结合胸骨旁短轴和长轴测量的 HC 2D 超声心动图模型测量舒张末期容积、收缩末期容积和射血分数，并与 HC 和 FV CMR 进行比较。
患病组显示 LV 扩张和功能障碍。HC 超声心动图和 FV CMR 测量的舒张末期容积、收缩末期容积和射血分数相关。在 Bland-Altman 图上，两种方法的舒张末期容积一致，而 HC 超声心动图低估了收缩末期容积，导致与 FV CMR 相比，射血分数略有高估。与 HC 相比，其他 2D 超声心动图几何模型与 FV CMR 的一致性较差。HC CMR 与 FV CMR 相比高估了 LV 容积，而 HC 超声心动图低估了 HC CMR 容积。超声心动图低估了 CMR 的相应 LV 尺寸，特别是短轴。
在正常和患病大鼠中，使用（1）包括两个正交 2D 超声心动图平面的相对简单的左心室 HC 模型和（2）FV CMR，获得了 LV 容积和功能的一致测量值。HC 模型似乎补偿了超声心动图对 LV 尺寸的低估。
