Peking-Yale Joint Center of Plant Molecular Genetics and Agrobiotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2013 May;16(2):247-54. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2013.04.002. Epub 2013 May 21.
Breeding by design has been an aspiration of researchers in the plant sciences for a decade. With the rapid development of genomics-based genotyping platforms and available of hundreds of functional genes/alleles in related to important traits, however, it may now be possible to turn this enduring ambition into a practical reality. Rice has a relatively simple genome comparing to other crops, and its genome composition and genetic behavior have been extensively investigated. Recently, rice has been taken as a model crop to perform breeding by design. The essential process of breeding by design is to integrate functional genes/alleles in an ideal genetic background, which requires high throughput genotyping platforms to screen for expected genotypes. With large amount of genome resequencing data and high-throughput genotyping technologies available, quite a number of genomics-based genotyping platforms have been developed. These platforms are widely used in genetic mapping, integration of target traits via marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC), pyramiding, recurrent selection (MARS) or genomic selection (GS). Here, we summarize and discuss recent exciting development of rice genomics-based genotyping platforms and their applications in molecular breeding.
通过设计进行繁殖是植物科学研究人员十年来的愿望。然而，随着基于基因组学的基因分型平台的快速发展，以及数百个与重要性状相关的功能基因/等位基因的可用性，现在可能将这一持久的愿望变为现实。与其他作物相比，水稻的基因组相对简单，其基因组组成和遗传行为已经得到了广泛的研究。最近，水稻已被用作设计育种的模式作物。设计育种的基本过程是将功能基因/等位基因整合到理想的遗传背景中，这需要高通量的基因分型平台来筛选预期的基因型。随着大量基因组重测序数据和高通量基因分型技术的出现，已经开发了相当数量的基于基因组学的基因分型平台。这些平台广泛应用于遗传图谱构建、通过标记辅助回交（MABC）、基因聚合、反复选择（MARS）或基因组选择（GS）整合目标性状。在这里，我们总结和讨论了水稻基于基因组学的基因分型平台的最新激动人心的发展及其在分子育种中的应用。
