Huyck Preserve and Biological Research Station, P.O. Box 189, Rensselaerville, NY 12147, USA.
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2013 Sep 1;190:105-11. doi: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.05.005. Epub 2013 May 21.
Broadly distributed songbirds, particularly those that migrate, encounter a wide range of pathogens. Both pathogen exposure and energy available for immune responses are expected to be affected by environmental variation in climate, habitat quality, and social interactions as well as hormonal mechanisms. Comparisons of Aves in the field have begun to build the framework for understanding how such environmental variation interacts with disease environments as reflected in endocrine and immune responses. In this review, the roles of hormones and immune function across the various life history stages that make up the avian annual cycle are considered with an emphasis on free-living songbirds and the various hormones known to mediate the innate and acquired immune systems including melatonin, prolactin, growth hormone, and several neuroendocrine hormones. Finally, hormone-immune interactions are considered within the framework of disease ecology.
广泛分布的鸣禽，特别是那些迁徙的鸣禽，会遇到各种各样的病原体。病原体的暴露和免疫反应的能量预计都会受到气候、栖息地质量和社会互动等环境变化以及激素机制的影响。对野外鸟类的比较研究已经开始构建一个框架，以了解环境变化如何与内分泌和免疫反应所反映的疾病环境相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了激素在构成鸟类年周期的各个生命史阶段中的作用以及免疫功能，重点是自由生活的鸣禽和已知调节先天和获得性免疫系统的各种激素，包括褪黑素、催乳素、生长激素和几种神经内分泌激素。最后，我们在疾病生态学的框架内考虑了激素-免疫相互作用。
