Faccini-Martínez Álvaro A, Sotomayor Hugo A
Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia.
Biomedica. 2013 Jan-Mar;33(1):8-27. doi: 10.1590/S0120-41572013000100002.
The plague is an infectious disease that has transcended through history and has been responsible for three pandemics with high mortality rates. During the third pandemic that started in Hong Kong (1894), the disease spread through maritime routes to different regions in the world, including South America. In this region, approximately 16 million people are thought to be at risk in relation to this disease due to specific situations like human-rodent coexistence inside houses in rural areas, homes built with inadequate materials that are vulnerable to invasion by these animals, inappropriate storage of crops and an increase in rainfall and deforestation, which allows for the displacement of wild fauna and man invasion of the natural foci of the disease. Between 1994 and 1999, five countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru and the United States of America, reported approximately 1,700 cases with 79 related deaths. In Colombia we have historical data about an "infectious pneumonia" with high mortality rates that occurred during the same months, for three consecutive years (1913 to 1915) in the departments of Magdalena, Atlántico and Bolívar, located in the Colombian Atlantic coast, which suggested plague, but could not be confirmed.
鼠疫是一种贯穿历史的传染病，曾引发三次高死亡率的大流行。在始于香港的第三次大流行（1894年）期间，该疾病通过海上航线传播到世界不同地区，包括南美洲。在该地区，由于农村地区房屋内人鼠共存、房屋建造材料不足易遭这些动物入侵、作物储存不当以及降雨增加和森林砍伐等特定情况，致使野生动物流离失所，人类侵入疾病自然疫源地，约1600万人被认为面临感染该疾病的风险。1994年至1999年期间，玻利维亚、巴西、厄瓜多尔、秘鲁和美利坚合众国五个国家报告了约1700例病例，其中79例死亡。在哥伦比亚，我们有关于一种“感染性肺炎”的历史数据，该疾病在连续三年（1913年至1915年）的同一月份，在位于哥伦比亚大西洋沿岸的马格达莱纳省、大西洋省和玻利瓦尔省出现，死亡率很高，当时怀疑是鼠疫，但无法确诊。
