Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen, Medical Centre (RUNMC), Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Microsurgery. 2013 Jul;33(5):376-82. doi: 10.1002/micr.22110. Epub 2013 May 28.
In the last decade perforator flaps have been used increasingly for different indications. Many regions may serve as donor site. In this respect the posterior thigh region (PTR) has been neglected as a potential donor site for many years. The purpose of this study was to provide complete mapping of perforators supplying the posterior thigh region. Twelve fresh cadaver thighs were prepared injecting diluted acrylic paint into the iliac artery. Thereafter the posterior thighs were dissected from medial to lateral, distinguishing the perforators at the level of the superficial fascia. The perforators were localized and origin, source, length and diameter of the perforators were documented. Analysis occurred using ANOVA and the two proportion Z test. The distribution of musculocutaneous and septocutaneous perforators was respectively 69.1% and 30.9% (P = 0.002). The PTR was divided in thirds. Most perforators (53.2%) were found in de middle third of the PTR. The deep femoral artery (DFA) was the main origin of perforators (61.7%), followed by the superficial femoral artery (SFA) (27.7%) and the popliteal artery (PA) (10.6%). The DFA perforators were the longest with a mean length of 13.7 ± 4,69 cm, the SFA perforators were 9.79 ± 3.76 cm and the PA perforators were 8.6 ± 3.37 cm. The PTR offers a sufficient number of suitable perforators to serve as an adequate donorsite for pedicled and free flaps.
在过去的十年中，穿支皮瓣在不同的适应证中被越来越多地应用。许多部位都可以作为供区。在这方面，股后区（PTR）多年来一直被忽视为潜在的供区。本研究的目的是提供供应股后区穿支的完整图谱。将稀释的丙烯酸颜料注入髂动脉，准备 12 个新鲜的尸体大腿。然后从内侧到外侧解剖股后区，在浅筋膜平面区分穿支。定位穿支，记录穿支的起源、来源、长度和直径。使用方差分析和两比例 Z 检验进行分析。肌皮穿支和皮动脉穿支的分布分别为 69.1%和 30.9%（P=0.002）。股后区分为三部分。大多数穿支（53.2%）位于股后区的中间三分之一。股深动脉（DFA）是穿支的主要起源（61.7%），其次是股浅动脉（SFA）（27.7%）和腘动脉（PA）（10.6%）。DFA 穿支最长，平均长度为 13.7±4.69cm，SFA 穿支为 9.79±3.76cm，PA 穿支为 8.6±3.37cm。股后区提供了足够数量的合适穿支，可以作为带蒂和游离皮瓣的理想供区。
