Radiology Department, Policlinico "G.B. Rossi", Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Integrata, P.le L.A.Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy,
Radiol Med. 2013 Oct;118(7):1149-56. doi: 10.1007/s11547-013-0924-0. Epub 2013 May 27.
Three separate venous systems drain the blood returning from the heart walls. These veins are characterised by remarkable variability in terms of frequency, size and course. The knowledge of cardiac venous anatomy is of primary importance during interventional cardiac procedures that require catheterisation of cardiac veins. Some anatomical variants may hinder or contraindicate access to target veins. Coronary angiography (CA) with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT-CA) and multiplanar reformations (MPR), maximum intensity projection (MIP) and 3D reconstructions provides noninvasive visualisation of normal cardiac veins and anatomical variants. The purpose of this pictorial review is to describe by MDCT-CA the anatomy and main variants of the cardiac venous system.
三条独立的静脉系统从心脏壁回流血液。这些静脉在频率、大小和路径方面具有显著的变异性。在需要导管插入心脏静脉的介入性心脏手术中，心脏静脉解剖学知识至关重要。一些解剖学变异可能会妨碍或禁忌进入靶静脉。多排螺旋计算机断层扫描（MDCT-CA）和多平面重建（MPR）、最大密度投影（MIP）和 3D 重建的冠状动脉造影（CA）提供了正常心脏静脉和解剖学变异的无创可视化。本图片综述的目的是通过 MDCT-CA 描述心脏静脉系统的解剖和主要变异。
