Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690-022, Russia.
J Ginseng Res. 2012 Jul;36(3):322-6. doi: 10.5142/jgr.2012.36.3.322.
Results of karyological study of intact plants and some callus lines of Panax ginseng are presented. In the native plants of P. ginseng the nucleus with 1 nucleolus (90%) dominate, and nucleus with 2 nucleoli is rare. One nucleolar nucleus also dominate in interphase nuclei of cells of cultivated P. ginseng (from 2006), but we also found nucleus with 2 to 3 nucleoli in the same cell lines. Interphase nuclei of P. ginseng in long cultivated lines (from 1988) contain 1 to 9 nucleoli, with a predominance of nuclei containing from 3 to 4 nucleoli. It was shown that long-time cells (cultivated since 1988) had cytogenetic changes such as increase level of polyploid and aneuploid cells, increase of nucleoli number into interphase nucleus and decrease of nuclei/nucleoli ratio. These long-time cultivated cells had very low ginsenoside content.
本文介绍了完整植株和一些愈伤组织系的人参的核型研究结果。在本地人参中，具有 1 个核仁（90%）的核占主导地位，而具有 2 个核仁的核很少。在栽培人参（2006 年）的细胞间期核中也主要是单核仁核，但我们也发现同一细胞系中存在 2 到 3 个核仁的核。在长期培养的人参（1988 年开始）的间期核中，含有 1 到 9 个核仁，其中含有 3 到 4 个核仁的核居多。研究表明，长期培养的细胞（自 1988 年开始培养）发生了细胞遗传学变化，如多倍体和非整倍体细胞水平增加，间期核内核仁数量增加，核/核仁比例降低。这些长期培养的细胞中人参皂苷的含量非常低。
