Sitler M, Ryan J, Hopkinson W, Wheeler J, Santomier J, Kolb R, Polley D
Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122.
Am J Sports Med. 1990 May-Jun;18(3):310-5. doi: 10.1177/036354659001800315.
The purpose of this prospective, randomized study was to determine the efficacy of a prophylactic knee brace to reduce the frequency and severity of acute knee injuries in football in an athletic environment in which the athletic shoe, playing surface, athlete-exposure, knee injury history, and brace assignment were either statistically or experimentally controlled. The participants in the study were 1396 cadets at the United States Military Academy, West Point, New York, who experienced a total of 21,570 athlete-exposures in the 1986 and 1987 fall intramural tackle football seasons. The use of prophylactic knee braces significantly reduced the frequency of knee injuries, both in the total number of subjects injured and in the total number of medial collateral ligament injuries incurred. However, the reduction in the frequency of knee injuries (total and medial collateral ligament) was dependent on player position. Defensive players who wore prophylactic knee braces had statistically fewer knee injuries than players who served as controls. This was not true of offensive players who served as controls; they had statistically no difference in the number of knee injuries from players who wore prophylactic knee braces. The severity of medical collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament knee injuries was not significantly reduced with the use of prophylactic knee braces.
这项前瞻性随机研究的目的是，在运动鞋、比赛场地、运动员暴露情况、膝关节损伤史和护具分配等因素均通过统计或实验进行控制的运动环境中，确定预防性膝关节护具对减少足球运动中急性膝关节损伤的频率和严重程度的效果。该研究的参与者是纽约西点美国军事学院的1396名学员，他们在1986年和1987年秋季校内擒抱式橄榄球赛季中总共经历了21570次运动员暴露。预防性膝关节护具的使用显著降低了膝关节损伤的频率，无论是受伤受试者的总数还是内侧副韧带损伤的总数。然而，膝关节损伤（总体和内侧副韧带）频率的降低取决于球员位置。佩戴预防性膝关节护具的防守球员的膝关节损伤在统计学上少于作为对照的球员。作为对照的进攻球员则并非如此；他们与佩戴预防性膝关节护具的球员在膝关节损伤数量上在统计学上没有差异。使用预防性膝关节护具并没有显著降低内侧副韧带和前交叉韧带膝关节损伤的严重程度。
