Requa R K, Garrick J G
Center for Sports Medicine, Saint Francis Memorial Hospital, San Francisco, California.
Clin Sports Med. 1990 Oct;9(4):853-69.
A review of nine studies of prophylactic knee braces in American tackle football found some support for the use of double-hinge braces in high school but little support for their use at the collegiate level. Problems with bias and confounding make it necessary that caution be exercised in the interpretation of the results of these studies, however,. To which groups these results might apply must also be considered. The two studies that assigned braces randomly found lower injury rates among high school and high-school-sized players for knee injuries and knee ligament injuries. Conversely a large, multiteam collegiate study found a significantly higher rate of knee injuries among brace users, a difference that remained when controlled for position, skill, and previous injury.
一项针对美式橄榄球中预防性护膝的九项研究的综述发现，高中阶段使用双铰链护膝有一定支持依据，但在大学阶段使用此类护膝则几乎没有支持依据。然而，由于存在偏倚和混杂问题，在解读这些研究结果时必须谨慎。此外，还必须考虑这些结果可能适用于哪些群体。两项随机分配护膝的研究发现，高中及高中规模球员的膝盖损伤和膝盖韧带损伤发生率较低。相反，一项大型的多校际研究发现，使用护膝的球员膝盖损伤率显著更高，在对位置、技能和既往损伤进行控制后，这一差异仍然存在。
