Martinez G L, Koury J C, Brito F, Fischer R G, Gustafsson A, Figueredo C M
Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Periodontal Res. 2014 Apr;49(2):268-74. doi: 10.1111/jre.12104. Epub 2013 May 31.
Our group recently found higher levels of serum long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) in patients with chronic periodontitis compared to controls. However, the effect of periodontal treatment on LC-PUFA serum levels has not been investigated. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of periodontal treatment on LC-PUFA serum levels. A secondary aim was to assess the effect of dietary ω-3 supplementation on clinical outcome.
The test group was composed of 10 patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (mean age 44 ± 6.4 years) treated with scaling and root planing associated with 4 mo of ω-3 supplementation eicosapetaenoic acid (EPA) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 3 g/d. The placebo group was composed of 11 patients (47.9 ± 10.5 years) that received scaling and root planing plus placebo. The periodontal examination included probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing and visible plaque index. Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), EPA, DHA and arachidonic acid (AA) were detected using gas chromatograph.
In the placebo group, all LC-PUFAs levels reduced significantly (DHA, DPA and AA, p = 0.004; EPA, p = 0.008). In the test group, only DPA and AA showed a significant reduction (p = 0.005). Moreover, a significant decrease in the ratios AA/EPA and AA/DHA (p = 0.005) was observed in the test group.
Non-surgical periodontal treatment reduced significantly the serum levels of all analyzed LC-PUFAs except those presented in the supplementation. The ω-3 dietary supplementation had no effect on clinical outcome of treatment.
我们的研究小组最近发现，与对照组相比，慢性牙周炎患者血清中的长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFAs）水平更高。然而，牙周治疗对LC-PUFA血清水平的影响尚未得到研究。本研究的主要目的是调查牙周治疗对LC-PUFA血清水平的影响。次要目的是评估膳食补充ω-3对临床疗效的影响。
试验组由10例广泛性慢性牙周炎患者（平均年龄44±6.4岁）组成，接受了龈下刮治和根面平整，并补充4个月的ω-3（二十碳五烯酸（EPA）加二十二碳六烯酸（DHA），3克/天）。安慰剂组由11例患者（47.9±10.5岁）组成，接受龈下刮治和根面平整加安慰剂。牙周检查包括探诊深度、临床附着水平、探诊出血和可见菌斑指数。使用气相色谱法检测二十二碳五烯酸（DPA）、EPA、DHA和花生四烯酸（AA）。
在安慰剂组中，所有LC-PUFA水平均显著降低（DHA、DPA和AA，p = 0.004；EPA p = 0.008）。在试验组中，只有DPA和AA显著降低（p = 0.005）。此外，试验组中AA/EPA和AA/DHA的比值显著降低（p = 0.005）。
非手术牙周治疗显著降低了所有分析的LC-PUFA的血清水平，但补充剂中的LC-PUFA除外。ω-3膳食补充剂对治疗的临床疗效没有影响。
