Granatelli Giampietro, Gabbett Tim J, Briotti Gianluca, Padulo Johnny, Buglione Antonio, D'Ottavio Stefano, Ruscello Bruno M
1Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, School of Sports and Exercise Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy; 2School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia; and 3School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Mar;28(3):728-34. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31829d23c3.
Rugby sevens is a rapidly growing sport. Match analysis is increasingly being used by sport scientists and coaches to improve the understanding of the physical demands of this sport. This study investigated the physical and physiological demands of elite men's rugby sevens, with special reference to the temporal patterns of fatigue during match play. Nine players, 4 backs and 5 forwards (age 25.1 ± 3.1 years) participated during 2 "Roma 7" international tournaments (2010 and 2011). All the players were at the professional level in the highest Italian rugby union, and 5 of these players also competed at the international level. During the matches (n = 15), the players were filmed to assess game performance. Global positioning system, heart rate (HR), and blood lactate (BLa) concentration data were measured and analyzed. The mean total distance covered throughout matches was 1,221 ± 118 m (first half = 643 ± 70 m and second half = 578 ± 77 m; with a decrease of 11.2%, p > 0.05, Effect Size [ES] = 0.29). The players achieved 88.3 ± 4.2 and 87.7 ± 3.4% of the HRmax during the first and second halves, respectively. The BLa for the first and second halves was 3.9 ± 0.9 and 11.2 ± 1.4 mmol·L, respectively. The decreases in performance occurred consistently in the final 3 minutes of the matches (-40.5% in the distance covered per minute). The difference found in relation to the playing position, although not statistically significant (p = 0.11), showed a large ES (η = 0.20), suggesting possible practical implications. These results demonstrate that rugby sevens is a demanding sport that places stress on both the anaerobic glycolytic and aerobic oxidative energy systems. Strength and conditioning programs designed to train these energy pathways may prevent fatigue-induced reductions in physical performance.
七人制橄榄球是一项迅速发展的运动。体育科学家和教练越来越多地使用比赛分析来增进对这项运动身体需求的理解。本研究调查了精英男子七人制橄榄球的身体和生理需求，特别关注比赛过程中疲劳的时间模式。9名球员，4名后卫和5名前锋（年龄25.1±3.1岁）参加了2次“罗马7人制”国际锦标赛（2010年和2011年）。所有球员均处于意大利最高橄榄球联盟的职业水平，其中5名球员还参加国际比赛。在比赛期间（n = 15），对球员进行拍摄以评估比赛表现。测量并分析了全球定位系统、心率（HR）和血乳酸（BLa）浓度数据。比赛全程的平均总距离为1221±118米（上半场= 643±70米，下半场= 578±77米；减少了11.2%，p>0.05，效应量[ES]= 0.29）。球员在上半场和下半场分别达到了最大心率的88.3±4.2%和87.7±3.4%。上半场和下半场的血乳酸分别为3.9±0.9和11.2±1.4毫摩尔·升。比赛最后3分钟表现持续下降（每分钟覆盖距离下降40.5%）。尽管在比赛位置上发现的差异无统计学意义（p = 0.11），但显示出较大的效应量（η = 0.20），表明可能具有实际意义。这些结果表明，七人制橄榄球是一项要求很高的运动，对无氧糖酵解和有氧氧化能量系统都会造成压力。旨在训练这些能量途径的力量和体能训练计划可能会防止因疲劳导致的身体表现下降。
