Faussone-Pellegrini M S, Bani G
Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, Italy.
Arch Histol Cytol. 1990 May;53(2):167-78. doi: 10.1679/aohc.53.167.
Light and electron microscopic examination of the muscle coat of the mouse oviduct reveals differences in various regions concerning both the architectural pattern and cytological features of the smooth muscle cells. A network with large meshes made up of thin smooth muscle cells with unusual features, characterizes the infundibulum and upper ampulla. In the lower ampulla and isthmus these cells gradually stratify into two distinct muscle layers and acquire the typical characteristics of smooth muscle cells. In the uterotubal junction, the smooth muscle cells show a structure quite similar to that of myometrial cells. Exclusively at this level do cells of the circular layer form a ring at the opening of the oviduct into the uterine cavity. Independent of their location in one or the other region, the oviductal smooth muscle cells undergo striking changes during the estrous cycle. A substantial increase in organelle content, an enlargement in the extent of the contact area and the occurrence of myoblasts characterize proestrous and estrous. During metestrous all these features regress, until a picture typical of diestrous is reestablished. The peculiar structure of smooth muscle cells and their different arrangement in the upper oviductal region with respect to that in the lower one are in keeping with zonal differences in contractility of the oviductal wall and together with the striking cytological changes occurring during the estrous cycle, indicate their active involvement in reproductive processes.
对小鼠输卵管肌层进行光镜和电镜检查发现，不同区域在平滑肌细胞的结构模式和细胞学特征方面存在差异。由具有特殊特征的薄平滑肌细胞组成的大网孔网络是漏斗部和壶腹上部的特征。在壶腹下部和峡部，这些细胞逐渐分层为两个不同的肌层，并获得平滑肌细胞的典型特征。在子宫输卵管交界处，平滑肌细胞的结构与子宫肌层细胞非常相似。仅在这个水平，环形层的细胞在输卵管进入子宫腔的开口处形成一个环。无论位于哪个区域，输卵管平滑肌细胞在发情周期中都会发生显著变化。细胞器含量大幅增加、接触面积扩大以及成肌细胞的出现是发情前期和发情期的特征。在发情后期，所有这些特征都会消退，直到重新建立起典型的动情间期状态。平滑肌细胞的特殊结构及其在输卵管上部区域与下部区域的不同排列方式，与输卵管壁收缩性的区域差异相一致，并且与发情周期中发生的显著细胞学变化一起，表明它们积极参与生殖过程。
