LUNAM Université, ONIRIS, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France.
Water Res. 2013 Jul 1;47(11):3791-802. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.050. Epub 2013 Apr 18.
For a few years, the concern of water treatment companies is not only focused on the removal of target micropollutants but has been extended to the investigation of potential biologically active by-products generated during the treatment processes. Therefore, some methods dedicated to the detection and structural characterization of such by-products have emerged. However, most of these studies are usually carried out under simplified conditions (e.g. high concentration levels of micropollutants, drastic treatment conditions, use of deionized or ultrapure water) and somewhat unrealistic conditions compared to that implemented in water treatment plants. In the present study, a real field water sample was fortified at the part-per-billion level (50 μg L(-1)) with estrone-3-sulfate (E1-3S) before being ozonated (at 1 mg L(-1)) for 10 min. In a first step, targeted measurements evidenced a degradation of the parent compound (>80%) in 10 min. Secondly, a non-targeted chemical profiling approach derived from metabolomic profiling studies allowed to reveal 11 ozonation by-products, among which 4 were found predominant. The estrogenic activity of these water samples spiked with E1-3S before and after treatment was assessed by the ER-CALUX assay and was found to decrease significantly after 10 min of ozonation. Therefore, this innovative methodological strategy demonstrated its suitability and relevancy for revealing unknown compounds generated from water treatment, and permitted to generate new results regarding specifically the impact of ozonation on estrone-3-sulfate. These results confirm that ozonation is effective at removing E1-3S in drinking water and indicate that the by-products generated have significantly lower estrogenic activity.
几年来，水处理公司不仅关注于去除目标微量污染物，还扩展到调查处理过程中潜在的具有生物活性的副产物。因此，出现了一些专门用于检测和结构特征分析此类副产物的方法。然而，这些研究大多是在简化条件下（例如，微量污染物的高浓度水平、剧烈的处理条件、使用去离子水或超纯水）进行的，与实际水处理厂的条件相比，这些条件有些不切实际。在本研究中，真实的野外水样用雌酮-3-硫酸盐（E1-3S）以十亿分之几的浓度（50μg L(-1))进行预加标，然后进行 10min 的臭氧氧化（1mg L(-1))。在第一步中，靶向测量表明母体化合物在 10min 内降解超过 80%。其次，一种源于代谢组学研究的非靶向化学分析方法允许揭示 11 种臭氧氧化副产物，其中 4 种占主导地位。用 ER-CALUX 测定法评估了这些添加了 E1-3S 的水样在处理前后的雌激素活性，发现臭氧氧化 10min 后，雌激素活性显著降低。因此，这种创新的方法策略证明了其在揭示水处理中产生的未知化合物方面的适用性和相关性，并就臭氧氧化对雌酮-3-硫酸盐的影响产生了新的结果。这些结果证实臭氧氧化法可有效去除饮用水中的 E1-3S，并表明生成的副产物的雌激素活性显著降低。
