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[德国的辅助医学情况]

[The situation of complementary medicine in Germany].

作者信息

Albrecht Henning

机构信息

Karl und Veronica Carstens-Stiftung, Essen, Deutschland.

出版信息

Forsch Komplementmed. 2013;20(1):73-7. doi: 10.1159/000347149. Epub 2013 Feb 15.

Abstract

With the amendment of the German Medicinal Products Act in 1976 and the inclusion of naturopathy and homeopathy into the German Medical Licensure Act from 1988, the German government set up a comparatively favorable framework for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). But no comprehensive integration into the academic operating systems followed, because the universities as well as the legislative body seemed to have no further interest in CAM. Therefore, research projects in the field and suitable professorships had and still have to be financed by third-party funds. Notwithstanding the success of several CAM-projects, no sustainable development could be established: When the third-party funding runs off and the protagonists retire the institutional structures are supposed to vanish as well. Although the public demand for CAM is high in Germany, the administration detached homeopathy as a compulsory subject from the German Medical Licensure Act in 2002 and restricted severely the refunding of naturopathic medicines by the statutory health insurance in 2004. Moreover, the trend for CAM bashing takes root in the media. Unfortunately the CAM scene does not close ranks and is incapable to implement fundamental data collection processes into daily clinical routine: A wide range of data could justify further efforts to the government as well as to the scientific community. To say something positive, it must be mentioned that the scientific standard of CAM research is high for the most part and that third-party funded projects deliver remarkable results ever and on.

摘要

随着1976年德国《药品法》的修订以及1988年自然疗法和顺势疗法被纳入德国《医疗许可法》,德国政府为补充和替代医学(CAM)建立了一个相对有利的框架。但随后并没有全面融入学术操作系统,因为大学和立法机构似乎对CAM不再感兴趣。因此,该领域的研究项目和合适的教授职位过去和现在都必须由第三方资金资助。尽管一些CAM项目取得了成功,但无法实现可持续发展:当第三方资金耗尽且项目负责人退休时,相关的机构结构也会随之消失。尽管德国公众对CAM的需求很高,但政府在2002年将顺势疗法从德国《医疗许可法》中的必修科目中移除,并在2004年大幅限制了法定健康保险对自然疗法药物的报销。此外,媒体上出现了抨击CAM的趋势。不幸的是,CAM领域没有团结起来,也无法将基本的数据收集流程纳入日常临床工作:大量数据本可为政府和科学界进一步开展相关工作提供依据。说点积极的方面,必须提到的是,CAM研究的科学标准在很大程度上是很高的,而且由第三方资助的项目不断取得显著成果。

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