Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Infant Behav Dev. 2013 Dec;36(4):485-93. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.04.001. Epub 2013 May 30.
Exposure to maternal depression increases risks for altered mother-infant interactions. Serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressants are increasingly prescribed to manage antenatal maternal illness. The impact of SRIs on early mother-infant interactions was unknown. Three-month-old infants of 32 depressed mothers treated with SRI medications during pregnancy and 43 non-medicated mothers were studied. Using an established face-to-face mother-infant interaction paradigm, dyad interactions were studied with and without a toy. Videotaped sessions yielded 4 measures: maternal sensitivity, dyadic organization, infant readiness to interact, and maternal interruptive behaviors. Even with prenatal SRI treatment, depressed mothers interrupted their infants more during toy play. In the absence of prenatal SRI treatment, maternal postnatal depression adversely influenced infant behavior. Higher levels of maternal depression symptoms at 3 months predicted poorer infant readiness to interact during the toy session. Conversely, in the SRI-exposed group, higher prenatal depression scores predicted greater infant readiness to interact at 3 months. Increased infant readiness with SRI exposure suggests a "fetal programming effect" whereby prenatal maternal mood disturbances shaped a future response to a postnatal depressed maternal environment.
母亲抑郁会增加母婴互动改变的风险。越来越多的选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRIs）被用于治疗产前产妇疾病。然而，SSRIs 对早期母婴互动的影响尚不清楚。本研究纳入了 32 名在孕期接受 SSRIs 治疗的抑郁产妇及其 43 名未接受药物治疗的健康产妇及其 3 月龄婴儿。采用已建立的面对面母婴互动范式，在有和没有玩具的情况下研究母婴互动。视频记录了 4 项指标：母亲敏感性、互动组织、婴儿互动准备度和母亲中断行为。即使在产前接受了 SSRIs 治疗，抑郁产妇在玩玩具时也会更多地打断婴儿。在没有产前 SSRIs 治疗的情况下，母亲产后抑郁会对婴儿的行为产生不利影响。母亲在 3 个月时的抑郁症状越严重，婴儿在玩具游戏中互动准备度越差。相反，在接受 SSRIs 治疗的组中，母亲产前抑郁得分越高，婴儿在 3 个月时的互动准备度越高。婴儿的互动准备度增加可能表明存在“胎儿编程效应”，即产前母亲情绪障碍塑造了婴儿对产后抑郁母亲环境的未来反应。
