Fonseca Ana, Nazaré Bárbara, Canavarro Maria Cristina
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
J Child Health Care. 2014 Jun;18(2):111-22. doi: 10.1177/1367493512473856. Epub 2013 May 31.
The present study examined psychological adjustment in parents of infants with congenital anomalies (CAs), focusing on the interval from the disclosure of the diagnosis to six months after the infant's birth and considering the effects of the parent's gender and the timing of diagnosis (pre- vs postnatal). Within-group diversity was also examined by identifying distinct patterns of individual adjustment over time. Parents of 43 infants (43 mothers and 36 fathers) with a pre- or postnatal diagnosis of a CA answered questionnaires assessing psychological distress and quality of life one month after the disclosure of the diagnosis and six months after the infant's birth. Results showed a significant reduction in psychological distress and a significant increase in physical quality of life over time, for both parents, regardless of the timing of diagnosis. In all, 57% of parents presented a pattern of recovery from diagnosis to six months post birth and 26.6% presented a pattern of resilience. However, 15.2% of parents showed chronic adjustment difficulties. Findings suggest that most parents tend to adjust to their infant's CA, although some experienced difficulties and should be targeted for specialised counselling. Both members of the couple should be acknowledged, as both experience similar patterns of adjustment.
本研究调查了患有先天性异常（CA）婴儿的父母的心理调适情况，重点关注从诊断结果披露到婴儿出生后六个月这段时间，并考虑了父母性别及诊断时间（产前与产后）的影响。通过确定个体随时间变化的不同调适模式，还对组内差异进行了研究。43名产前或产后被诊断患有CA的婴儿的父母（43名母亲和36名父亲）在诊断结果披露后一个月以及婴儿出生后六个月回答了评估心理困扰和生活质量的问卷。结果显示，无论诊断时间如何，父母双方的心理困扰均显著减轻，身体生活质量显著提高。总体而言，57%的父母呈现出从诊断到出生后六个月恢复的模式，26.6%呈现出适应力强的模式。然而，15.2%的父母表现出长期的调适困难。研究结果表明，大多数父母倾向于适应其婴儿的CA，尽管有些父母经历了困难，应针对他们提供专门的咨询服务。夫妻双方都应得到关注，因为他们的调适模式相似。
