Roberts Jane H, Bernard Paul M
GP, County Durham & Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Blackhall, UK.
Ment Health Fam Med. 2012 Jun;9(2):115-23.
Background General practitioners (GPs) play a key role in assessing and managing adult mental health problems, but this input is not seen in their management of child and adolescent mental health. Mental health problems in 5-19-year-olds are common, yet detection rates in primary care are low. The symptoms of most adult diagnoses of mental health problems are present by mid-adolescence, yet the typical time from onset to diagnosis is 5-15 years. The role of general practice in this area has been underexplored. Aim This pilot study explores the potential of GPs to respond to common mental health problems in children and adolescents. Design Children and young people who would have ordinarily been referred to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) were seen in a GP setting. In a UK general practice surgery serving a disadvantaged population. Method Children and young people were seen for an initial biopsychosocial assessment and formulation of the presenting concerns. GP-based interventions were offered as appropriate or referred to CAMHS. Results Data from the first 50 children (2-19 years) are presented. Twenty younger children (10 years and under) and 30 older children (11 years and above) were seen. Eighteen referrals were made to CAMHS. GP interventions included watchful waiting, brief behavioural interventions, non-directive counselling, brief cognitive- behavioural therapy (CBT) and liaison with colleagues in education, CAMHS and the voluntary sector. Conclusion This clinical pilot demonstrates that with adequate time, access to supervision and practice support, children and young people experiencing emotional and behavioural problems associated with common mental health issues can be helped in primary care.
背景
全科医生在评估和管理成人心理健康问题方面发挥着关键作用,但在儿童和青少年心理健康管理中却未体现出这一作用。5至19岁儿童的心理健康问题很常见,但初级保健中的检出率却很低。大多数成人心理健康问题的诊断症状在青春期中期就已出现,但从发病到诊断的典型时间为5至15年。全科医疗在这一领域的作用尚未得到充分探索。
目的
这项试点研究探讨了全科医生应对儿童和青少年常见心理健康问题的潜力。
设计
在全科医生诊所对那些通常会被转诊至儿童和青少年心理健康服务机构(CAMHS)的儿童和年轻人进行观察。研究在英国一个为弱势群体服务的全科医疗诊所进行。
方法
对儿童和年轻人进行初步的生物心理社会评估,并针对所提出的问题进行诊断。根据情况提供基于全科医生的干预措施,或转诊至CAMHS。
结果
呈现了前50名儿童(2至19岁)的数据。观察了20名年幼儿童(10岁及以下)和30名年长儿童(11岁及以上)。向CAMHS转诊了18例。全科医生的干预措施包括观察等待、简短行为干预、非指导性咨询、简短认知行为疗法(CBT)以及与教育、CAMHS和志愿部门的同事进行联络。
结论
这项临床试点表明,在有足够时间、获得监督和实践支持的情况下,患有与常见心理健康问题相关的情绪和行为问题的儿童和年轻人可以在初级保健中得到帮助。