Centre for Fish and Fisheries Research, School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
J Fish Biol. 2013 Jun;82(6):1916-50. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12121.
This account of the riverine ichthyofaunas from the islands of Buton and Kabaena, off south-eastern mainland Sulawesi, represents the first detailed quantitative checklist and ecological study of the riverine fish faunas in the biological hotspot of Wallacea. The results are based on analysis of samples collected by electrofishing at a wide range of sites from July to September in both 2001 and 2002. While the fauna was diverse, with the 2179 fishes caught comprising 64 species representing 43 genera and 22 families, the catches were dominated by the Gobiidae (26 species and 25% by numbers), Eleotridae (seven species and 27% by numbers), Zenarchopteridae (three species and 22% by numbers) and Anguillidae (two species and 12% by numbers). The most abundant species were the eleotrids Eleotris aff. fusca-melanosoma and Ophieleotris aff. aporos, the anguillid Anguilla celebesensis, the zenarchopterids Nomorhamphus sp. and Nomorhamphus ebrardtii and the gobiids Sicyopterus sp. and Glossogobius aff. celebius-kokius. The introduced catfish Clarias batrachus was moderately abundant at a few sites. Cluster analysis, allied with the similarity profiles routine SIMPROF, identified seven discrete groups, which represented samples from sites entirely or predominantly in either Buton (five clusters) or Kabaena (two clusters). Species composition was related to geographical location, distance from river mouth, per cent contribution of sand and silt, altitude and water temperature. The samples from the two islands contained only one species definitively endemic to Sulawesi, i.e. N. ebrardtii and another presumably so, i.e. Nomorhamphus sp., contrasting starkly with the 57 species that are endemic to Sulawesi and, most notably, its large central and deep lake systems on the mainland. This accounts for the ichthyofaunas of these two islands, as well as those of rivers in northern mainland Sulawesi and Flores, being more similar to each other than to those of the central mainland lake systems. This implies that the major adaptive radiation of freshwater fishes in Sulawesi occurred in those lacustrine environments rather than in rivers.
本报告介绍了来自东南苏拉威西省布顿岛和卡巴纳岛的河流鱼类，这是对华莱士生物热点地区河流鱼类进行详细定量清单和生态研究的首例。研究结果基于 2001 年 7 月至 9 月和 2002 年同期在广泛地点用电捕鱼收集的样本分析。尽管鱼类物种丰富，共捕获的 2179 种鱼类包括 64 个物种，代表 43 个属和 22 个科，但主要由虾虎鱼科（26 个物种，数量占 25%）、鳗鰕虎鱼科（7 个物种，数量占 27%）、瞻星鱼科（3 个物种，数量占 22%）和鳗鲡科（2 个物种，数量占 12%）主导。最丰富的物种包括 Eleotris aff. fusca-melanosoma 和 Ophieleotris aff. aporos 等鳗鰕虎鱼、Anguilla celebesensis 等鳗鲡、Nomorhamphus sp. 和 Nomorhamphus ebrardtii 等瞻星鱼、Sicyopterus sp. 和 Glossogobius aff. celebius-kokius 等虾虎鱼。一些地点的外来鲶鱼 Clarias batrachus 数量中等丰富。聚类分析与相似性概况例行程序 SIMPROF 相结合，确定了七个离散组，代表了完全或主要位于布顿岛（五个组）或卡巴纳岛（两个组）的样本。物种组成与地理位置、离河口的距离、砂和淤泥的百分比、海拔和水温有关。来自这两个岛屿的样本仅包含一种明确属于苏拉威西岛的特有种，即 N. ebrardtii，另一种可能属于特有种，即 Nomorhamphus sp.，这与苏拉威西岛的 57 种特有种形成鲜明对比，尤其是其大陆中部和深湖系统。这解释了这两个岛屿以及苏拉威西北部大陆和弗洛雷斯的河流的鱼类区系，它们彼此之间的相似性大于与中部大陆湖泊系统的相似性。这意味着苏拉威西岛淡水鱼类的主要适应性辐射发生在这些湖泊环境中，而不是在河流中。
