Laboratory for Foodborne Zoonoses, Public Health Agency of Canada, 160 Research Lane, Guelph, ON N1G 5B2, Canada.
Prev Vet Med. 2013 Aug 1;111(1-2):112-25. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.04.005. Epub 2013 May 31.
The effectiveness of various competitive exclusion (CE) products for reducing Salmonella colonization in broiler chickens was evaluated using systematic review-meta-analysis-meta-regression (SR-MA-MR). Relevance screening identified 201 relevant studies that were subjected to methodological assessment. Of these studies, 159 were suitable for data extraction, 66 were presented in a number of MAs and 130 were examined in a meta-regression (MR). Fourteen different CE products were identified, 9 of them commercial products, and the most common route of administration was oral gavage (63.7% of trials). Meta-analyses indicated that a number of CE products reduce Salmonella colonization in broilers, the most effective one being Preempt™ which was formerly known as CF-3. Five study characteristics (publication year, CE type, CE route, sample origin, and Salmonella serovar administered/recovered) and three methodological soundness characteristics (treatment assignment, intervention and laboratory methods description) were retained as statistically significant (p<0.05) in the final MR model. The MR analysis indicated that, undefined CE products outperformed all commercial products, except for: Preempt™ and Broilact(®). Both were considered comparable to the undefined chicken source CE culture products in effectiveness. The administration of CE through spraying the chicks at the hatchery was determined to be just as effective as the oral gavage treatment, and more practical for farmers to administer. The results of this study could be useful in decision-making concerning the on-farm use of CE products in broiler chickens, and as inputs for risk assessments as the industry pushes for more antibiotic-free alternatives. Out of the various interventions to reduce Salmonella colonization in broilers on-farm, CE was the most studied; its inability to be licenced in certain countries and proof of consistent efficacy remains a barrier.
采用系统评价-荟萃分析-荟萃回归（SR-MA-MR）方法评估了各种竞争性排斥（CE）产品在减少肉鸡沙门氏菌定植方面的有效性。相关性筛选确定了 201 项相关研究，并对这些研究进行了方法学评估。在这些研究中，有 159 项适合进行数据提取，66 项在多个荟萃分析中呈现，130 项在荟萃回归（MR）中进行了检验。确定了 14 种不同的 CE 产品，其中 9 种是商业产品，最常见的给药途径是口服灌胃（63.7%的试验）。荟萃分析表明，许多 CE 产品可减少肉鸡中的沙门氏菌定植，其中最有效的是 Preempt™，它以前被称为 CF-3。5 个研究特征（发表年份、CE 类型、CE 途径、样本来源和施用/回收的沙门氏菌血清型）和 3 个方法学稳健性特征（处理分配、干预和实验室方法描述）在最终的 MR 模型中被保留为具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。MR 分析表明，未定义的 CE 产品优于所有商业产品，除了：Preempt™和 Broilact(®)。两者被认为在有效性方面与未定义的鸡源 CE 培养产品相当。在孵化场通过向小鸡喷洒 CE 的给药方式被确定与口服灌胃治疗一样有效，并且对农民来说更实用。本研究的结果可用于在肉鸡农场使用 CE 产品的决策，也可作为行业推动无抗生素替代品的风险评估的依据。在农场减少肉鸡沙门氏菌定植的各种干预措施中，CE 是研究最多的；在某些国家无法获得许可以及一致性功效的证明仍然是一个障碍。
