Velligan D I, Goldstein M J, Nuechterlein K H, Miklowitz D J, Ranlett G
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles.
Fam Process. 1990 Jun;29(2):213-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1545-5300.1990.00213.x.
Communication deviance (CD) refers to confusing and fragmented communication that prevents family members from attaining a shared focus of attention and meaning. Levels of communication deviance based on individual parental projective test protocols--Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and Rorschach--have repeatedly been found to be higher in parents of schizophrenic offspring than in parents of normal or nonpsychotic offspring. CD has also been measured in family transactions in which parents and their offspring interact with one another around a projective test stimulus, the Consensus Rorschach. There have been relatively few attempts to measure specific CD codes in familial interaction that is not initiated around an ambiguous visual stimulus. The present article examines the reliability and construct validity of an interactional measure (ICD) obtained from family transactions in which parents and patients are working toward the solution of a salient family problem. ICD from this family problem-solving task was compared to more traditional measures of CD from parental TAT protocols in a sample of 59 parents of 37 recent-onset schizophrenic patients. Results indicated that CD could be reliably measured in an interactive setting not initiated around a projective test stimulus, and provided evidence for the construct validity of ICD.
沟通偏差（CD）是指混乱且支离破碎的沟通，这种沟通会阻碍家庭成员达成共同的关注焦点和意义。基于个体父母投射测验协议——主题统觉测验（TAT）和罗夏墨迹测验——的沟通偏差水平，在精神分裂症患者后代的父母中，反复被发现高于正常或非精神病性后代的父母。沟通偏差也在家庭互动中进行了测量，在这种互动中，父母及其后代围绕一种投射测验刺激物——一致性罗夏墨迹测验——相互交流。相对较少有人尝试在并非围绕模糊视觉刺激物展开的家庭互动中测量特定的沟通偏差编码。本文考察了一种互动测量方法（ICD）的信度和结构效度，该方法是从父母与患者共同致力于解决一个突出家庭问题的家庭互动中获得的。在37名近期发病的精神分裂症患者的59名父母组成的样本中，将来自这个家庭问题解决任务的ICD与来自父母TAT协议的更传统的沟通偏差测量方法进行了比较。结果表明，沟通偏差能够在并非围绕投射测验刺激物展开的互动环境中得到可靠测量，并为ICD的结构效度提供了证据。
