Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 2013 Sep;26(3):131-7. doi: 10.1177/0891988713490992. Epub 2013 Jun 3.
Schizophrenia is a relatively common disorder diagnosed by the presentation of psychotic symptoms in the absence of identifiable neurologic or other organic cause. Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a relatively rare progressive neurodegenerative disorder that can present with a multitude of cognitive and behavioral symptoms including psychosis. At times, this phenotypic overlap can mean that schizophrenia and FTD are 2 possibilities in the differential diagnosis of a psychotic presentation. In this article, we systematically review the literature on the relationship between schizophrenia and FTD including case reports that highlight the potential for diagnostic confusion, clinical studies examining the relationship between the disorders, and the molecular evidence of shared pathophysiologic mechanisms. Although a relationship between the disorders is not definitively supported by the current literature, we identify the characteristics of a psychotic presentation that should alert the clinician to the possibility of FTD and describe the areas where further research is needed to clarify the pathophysiologic relationship.
精神分裂症是一种相对常见的疾病，通过在没有可识别的神经或其他器质性原因的情况下出现精神病症状来诊断。额颞叶痴呆（FTD）是一种相对罕见的进行性神经退行性疾病，可表现出多种认知和行为症状，包括精神病。有时，这种表型重叠意味着在精神病表现的鉴别诊断中，精神分裂症和 FTD 是两种可能的情况。在本文中，我们系统地回顾了精神分裂症和 FTD 之间关系的文献，包括突出潜在诊断混淆的病例报告、研究两种疾病之间关系的临床研究以及共享病理生理机制的分子证据。尽管目前的文献并没有明确支持这两种疾病之间存在关系，但我们确定了精神病表现的特征，这些特征应该提醒临床医生注意 FTD 的可能性，并描述了需要进一步研究以阐明病理生理关系的领域。
