Biomolecular Archaeology Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Jun 18;110(25):10147-52. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1216126110. Epub 2013 Jun 3.
Chemical analyses of ancient organic compounds absorbed into the pottery fabrics of imported Etruscan amphoras (ca. 500-475 B.C.) and into a limestone pressing platform (ca. 425-400 B.C.) at the ancient coastal port site of Lattara in southern France provide the earliest biomolecular archaeological evidence for grape wine and viniculture from this country, which is crucial to the later history of wine in Europe and the rest of the world. The data support the hypothesis that export of wine by ship from Etruria in central Italy to southern Mediterranean France fueled an ever-growing market and interest in wine there, which, in turn, as evidenced by the winepress, led to transplantation of the Eurasian grapevine and the beginning of a Celtic industry in France. Herbal and pine resin additives to the Etruscan wine point to the medicinal role of wine in antiquity, as well as a means of preserving it during marine transport.
对进口伊特鲁里亚双耳喷口瓶（约公元前 500-475 年）和法国南部古代沿海港口拉特拉陶器织物以及石灰岩压榨台（约公元前 425-400 年）中吸收的古代有机化合物的化学分析，为来自该国的葡萄酒和葡萄栽培提供了最早的生物分子考古证据，这对欧洲和世界其他地区葡萄酒的后来历史至关重要。这些数据支持了这样一种假设，即从中部意大利的伊特鲁里亚通过船只出口葡萄酒，为不断增长的法国南部地中海市场和对葡萄酒的兴趣提供了动力，反过来，正如压榨台所证明的那样，这导致了欧亚葡萄藤的移植和法国凯尔特产业的开始。伊特鲁里亚葡萄酒中添加的草药和松脂表明，葡萄酒在古代具有药用作用，也是在海上运输过程中保存葡萄酒的一种手段。
