Vuorenmaa M, Halme N, Åstedt-Kurki P, Kaunonen M, Perälä M-L
School of Health Sciences, Nursing Science, Finnish Post Graduate School in Nursing Science, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
Child Care Health Dev. 2014 Jul;40(4):597-606. doi: 10.1111/cch.12081. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
The Family Empowerment Scale (FES) is a widely used instrument which measures the parents' own sense of their empowerment at the level of the family, service system and community. It was originally developed for parents of children with emotional disabilities.
The aims of this study were to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Finnish FES and to examine its responsiveness in measuring the empowerment of parents with small children.
The English FES was translated into Finnish using back translation and modified so as to be generic and convenient for all families. The construct, convergent, discriminant and concurrent validities, reliability and responsiveness of the Finnish FES were examined. Participants (n = 955) were the parents of children aged 0-9 years who had been selected using stratified random sampling.
Confirmatory factor analysis proved that the Finnish FES had three subscales based on the original FES. Convergent and discriminant validities confirmed and supported the same construct. The relationship between parents' participation and empowerment was tested for concurrent validity. As in previous FES studies, the participating parents were more empowered, which supported the concurrent validity. The reliability of the Finnish FES proved acceptable for both parents. The Finnish FES could also discriminate the responses of the parents. Participation in the activities organized by the family service system influenced parents' perceptions of empowerment more than did their background characteristics.
The Finnish FES is a valid and reliable instrument and it is suitable for measuring the empowerment of parents. However, it is necessary to consider how the FES would identify in the best way the parents who perhaps need some help.
家庭赋权量表（FES）是一种广泛使用的工具，用于衡量父母在家庭、服务系统和社区层面的自身赋权感。它最初是为患有情感障碍儿童的父母开发的。
本研究的目的是评估芬兰语版FES的有效性和可靠性，并检验其在测量有幼儿的父母赋权方面的反应性。
采用回译法将英文版FES翻译成芬兰语，并进行修改，使其具有通用性且适用于所有家庭。检验了芬兰语版FES的结构效度、收敛效度、区分效度、同时效度、可靠性和反应性。参与者（n = 955）是通过分层随机抽样选取的0至9岁儿童的父母。
验证性因素分析证明，芬兰语版FES在原版FES的基础上有三个子量表。收敛效度和区分效度证实并支持了相同的结构。检验了父母参与和赋权之间的关系以验证同时效度。与之前的FES研究一样，参与的父母赋权程度更高，这支持了同时效度。芬兰语版FES对父母双方的可靠性都被证明是可接受的。芬兰语版FES也能够区分父母的反应。参与家庭服务系统组织的活动对父母赋权感的影响大于其背景特征的影响。
芬兰语版FES是一种有效且可靠的工具，适用于测量父母的赋权情况。然而，有必要考虑FES如何以最佳方式识别那些可能需要一些帮助的父母。
