BMC Cancer. 2013 Jun 4;13:276. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-13-276.
It is not known whether children with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have an infection risk similar to non- APL acute myeloid leukemia. The objective was to describe infectious risk in children with newly diagnosed APL and to describe factors associated with these infections.
We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study that included children ≤ 18 years of age with de novo APL treated at 15 Canadian centers. Thirty-three children with APL were included; 78.8% were treated with APL -specific protocols.
Bacterial sterile site infection occurred in 12 (36.4%) and fungal sterile site infection occurred in 2 (6.1%) children. Of the 127 chemotherapy courses, 101 (79.5%) were classified as intensive and among these, the proportion in which a sterile site microbiologically documented infection occurred was 14/101 (13.9%). There was one infection-related death.
One third of children with APL experienced at least one sterile site bacterial infection throughout treatment and 14% of intensive chemotherapy courses were associated with a microbiologically documented sterile site infection. Infection rates in pediatric APL may be lower compared to non- APL acute myeloid leukemia although these children may still benefit from aggressive supportive care during intensive chemotherapy.
目前尚不清楚患有急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）的儿童是否存在与非 APL 急性髓细胞白血病相似的感染风险。本研究旨在描述新诊断为 APL 的儿童的感染风险，并描述与这些感染相关的因素。
我们进行了一项回顾性、基于人群的队列研究，纳入了在加拿大 15 个中心接受治疗的 15 岁以下初诊 APL 儿童患者。共纳入了 33 例 APL 患儿，其中 78.8%的患儿接受了 APL 特异性方案治疗。
12 例（36.4%）患儿发生无菌部位细菌感染，2 例（6.1%）患儿发生无菌部位真菌感染。在 127 个化疗疗程中，101 个（79.5%）被归类为强化治疗，其中 13.9%（14/101）的无菌部位发生了微生物学证实的感染。有 1 例与感染相关的死亡。
在整个治疗过程中，三分之一的 APL 患儿至少发生了一次无菌部位细菌感染，14%的强化化疗疗程与微生物学证实的无菌部位感染相关。与非 APL 急性髓细胞白血病相比，儿科 APL 的感染率可能较低，但这些患儿在强化化疗期间仍可能受益于积极的支持性护理。
