Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2013 Aug;91(8):3796-806. doi: 10.2527/jas.2013-6296. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
The objective of these experiments was to measure in vitro hydrolytic digestion and glycemic and insulinemic responses of select carbohydrate blends, all containing the novel carbohydrate soluble corn fiber (SCF). Two SCF that varied in their method of production were used to formulate the carbohydrate blends. One set of blends contained a SCF that was spray dried (SCFsd) and then blended with different amounts of either pullulan, sorbitol, or fructose. The other set of blends contained a SCF produced using longer evaporation time (SCF) and then blended with different ratios of pullulan, sorbitol, and fructose. Free sugar concentrations found in the individual SCFsd and SCF substrates were low but varied. Spray-dried soluble corn fiber had a reduced free sugar concentration compared with SCF (2.8 vs. 14.2%). Glucose was the main free sugar found in both SCFsd and SCF but at different concentrations (2.7 vs. 12.7%, respectively). The majority of the SCFsd blends were completely hydrolyzed to their monosaccharide components. Glucose accounted for most of the hydrolyzed monosaccharides for SCFsd and all the SCFsd blends. Hydrolyzed monosaccharide concentrations for the SCF:pullulan:sorbitol:fructose blends followed similar trends to the SCFsd blends where greater percentages of fructose and sorbitol resulted in decreased (P < 0.05) hydrolyzed monosaccharide concentrations. The SCFsd blends had intermediate to high amounts of monosaccharides released as a result of in vitro hydrolytic digestion. The SCFsd:pullulan blends were more digestible in vitro (approximately 91%; P < 0.05) than SCFsd:fructose or SCFsd:sorbitol. Total released monosaccharides were high in SCFsd blends containing either 50% fructose or sorbitol, but the combination resulted in reduced concentrations of glucose released (P < 0.05). The SCF:pullulan:sorbitol:fructose blends also had intermediate to high released monosaccharides as a result of in vitro hydrolytic digestion. All SCF blends resulted in decreased glycemic and insulinemic responses compared with the maltodextrin control (P < 0.05) using a canine model. The addition of pullulan reduced the glycemic response compared with maltodextrin at all concentrations, but only 50:50 SCFsd:pullulan resulted in a reduction of the glycemic response compared with SCFsd alone (P < 0.05). The addition of fructose and sorbitol in the blends had the greatest impact on glycemic and insulinemic responses, even at concentrations as low as 5% of the blends. Overall, SCF and their blends may prove beneficial as components of low glycemic foodstuffs.
这些实验的目的是测量选择的碳水化合物混合物的体外水解消化以及血糖和胰岛素反应，所有这些混合物都含有新型水溶性玉米纤维（SCF）。两种生产方法不同的 SCF 被用于配制碳水化合物混合物。一组混合物包含喷雾干燥的 SCF（SCFsd），然后与不同量的普鲁兰、山梨糖醇或果糖混合。另一组混合物包含使用较长蒸发时间生产的 SCF（SCF），然后与不同比例的普鲁兰、山梨糖醇和果糖混合。在各个 SCFsd 和 SCF 基质中发现的游离糖浓度较低，但有所不同。喷雾干燥的可溶性玉米纤维的游离糖浓度低于 SCF（2.8 对 14.2%）。葡萄糖是 SCFsd 和 SCF 中发现的主要游离糖，但浓度不同（分别为 2.7%和 12.7%）。大多数 SCFsd 混合物完全水解为其单糖成分。葡萄糖占 SCFsd 和所有 SCFsd 混合物水解单糖的大部分。SCF:普鲁兰:山梨糖醇:果糖混合物的水解单糖浓度与 SCFsd 混合物的趋势相似，其中果糖和山梨糖醇的百分比增加会导致水解单糖浓度降低（P<0.05）。SCFsd 混合物由于体外水解消化而释放出中等至大量的单糖。SCFsd:普鲁兰混合物在体外（约 91%；P<0.05）比 SCFsd:果糖或 SCFsd:山梨糖醇更易消化。含有 50%果糖或山梨糖醇的 SCFsd 混合物中单糖释放量很高，但组合导致葡萄糖释放浓度降低（P<0.05）。SCF:普鲁兰:山梨糖醇:果糖混合物由于体外水解消化也释放出中等至大量的单糖。在犬模型中，与麦芽糊精对照相比，所有 SCF 混合物均导致血糖和胰岛素反应降低（P<0.05）。在所有浓度下，与麦芽糊精相比，添加普鲁兰都会降低血糖反应，但只有 50:50 SCFsd:普鲁兰与单独的 SCFsd 相比会降低血糖反应（P<0.05）。在混合物中添加果糖和山梨糖醇对血糖和胰岛素反应的影响最大，即使在混合物浓度低至 5%的情况下也是如此。总的来说，SCF 及其混合物可能作为低血糖食物的成分有益。
