Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine Division, Pulmonary Hypertension Center, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA.
Compr Physiol. 2011 Jan;1(1):467-83. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c100031.
Study of RNA and proteins in cells of both normal and diseased tissues is providing researchers with new knowledge of disease pathologies. While still in its early stages, high-throughput expression analysis is improving our understanding of the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While many studies have used microarray and proteomic analyses as "hypothesis-generating" tools, the technologies also have potential to identify and quantify biomarkers of disease. To date, many of the published studies have examined gene expression profiles of tissue biopsies, others have utilized cells from peripheral blood. Microarray technology has been employed successfully in the investigation of a diverse array of human diseases. The potential of high-throughput expression analysis to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of PAH is highlighted in this review. Proteomic studies of PAH and pulmonary vascular diseases in general have been little utilized thus far. To date, such studies are few and no consistent biomarker has emerged from studies of either plasma or blood cells from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) patients. The studies of both lung tissue and lymphocytes are perhaps more revealing and suggest that changes in the cytoskeletal machinery may play a role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. The oncology literature has demonstrated the utility of gene microarray analysis to predict important outcomes such as response to therapy and survival. It is likely that in the near future, gene microarrays and proteomic analyses will also be employed in a pharmacogenomics approach in PAH, helping to identify the most appropriate therapies for individual patients.
对正常组织和病变组织中的 RNA 和蛋白质进行研究，为研究人员提供了有关疾病病理的新知识。尽管高通量表达分析仍处于早期阶段，但它正在提高我们对肺动脉高压 (PAH) 发病机制的理解。虽然许多研究已经将微阵列和蛋白质组学分析用作“产生假说”的工具，但这些技术也有可能识别和量化疾病的生物标志物。迄今为止，许多已发表的研究都检查了组织活检的基因表达谱，其他研究则利用了外周血中的细胞。微阵列技术已成功应用于对各种人类疾病的研究。本综述强调了高通量表达分析在提高我们对 PAH 发病机制的理解方面的潜力。迄今为止，一般来说，PAH 和肺血管疾病的蛋白质组学研究很少被利用。到目前为止，此类研究很少，特发性肺动脉高压 (IPAH) 患者的血浆或血细胞研究均未出现一致的生物标志物。对肺组织和淋巴细胞的研究可能更具启示性，并表明细胞骨架机制的变化可能在特发性肺动脉高压的发病机制中起作用。肿瘤学文献已经证明了基因微阵列分析在预测重要结果（如对治疗的反应和生存）方面的实用性。在不久的将来，基因微阵列和蛋白质组学分析也可能用于 PAH 的药物基因组学方法，以帮助为个体患者确定最合适的治疗方法。
