Lee H H, Weiss S H, Brown L S, Mildvan D, Shorty V, Saravolatz L, Chu A, Ginzburg H M, Markowitz N, Des Jarlais D C
Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL 60064.
J Infect Dis. 1990 Aug;162(2):347-52. doi: 10.1093/infdis/162.2.347.
Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) was determined among 1160 intravenous (iv) drug abusers from five drug treatment or medical centers (Manhattan, Brooklyn, New Jersey, Detroit, and New Orleans). HIV-1 infection ranged from 5% in New Orleans to 48% in New York City. Hispanics and blacks had a significantly higher rate of HIV-1 infection than whites (P less than .01), but within each group rates were similar between males and females and by age stratum. HTLV-I/II seroprevalence increased with age from 3% in the 20-29 year age group to 37% in the group greater than 50 years. New Orleans and Manhattan (24%) had the highest rate, and blacks (19%) had a higher rate than either Hispanics (6.3%) or whites (7.3%). No association between HIV-1 and HTLV-I/II infection was observed except in Manhattan. When compared with iv drug abusers infected only with HIV-1, dually infected subjects had more clinical symptoms related to immune deficiency but a lower prevalence of HIV antigenemia. These data document the frequent occurrence of retroviral infections in iv drug abusers. The contrast between the two classes of virus suggests that HIV-1 is more efficiently transmitted, while the age-dependent rise in HTLV-I/II seroprevalence suggests cumulative exposure of a less-transmissible agent.
在来自五个戒毒治疗或医疗中心（曼哈顿、布鲁克林、新泽西、底特律和新奥尔良）的1160名静脉注射吸毒者中，测定了1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）以及I型和II型人类嗜T淋巴细胞病毒（HTLV-I/II）的血清流行率。HIV-1感染率在新奥尔良为5%，在纽约市为48%。西班牙裔和黑人的HIV-1感染率显著高于白人（P<0.01），但在每个群体中，男性和女性以及不同年龄层的感染率相似。HTLV-I/II血清流行率随年龄增长而增加，从20-29岁年龄组的3%增至50岁以上年龄组的37%。新奥尔良和曼哈顿（24%）的感染率最高，黑人（19%）的感染率高于西班牙裔（6.3%）或白人（7.3%）。除了在曼哈顿，未观察到HIV-1与HTLV-I/II感染之间存在关联。与仅感染HIV-1的静脉注射吸毒者相比，双重感染的受试者有更多与免疫缺陷相关的临床症状，但HIV抗原血症的患病率较低。这些数据证明了静脉注射吸毒者中逆转录病毒感染的频繁发生。这两类病毒之间的差异表明，HIV-1传播效率更高，而HTLV-I/II血清流行率随年龄增长的上升表明一种传播性较低的病原体的累积暴露。
