CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China.
Adv Mater. 2013 Jul 26;25(28):3802-19. doi: 10.1002/adma.201301334. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
The advances of nanomaterials have provided exciting technologies and novel materials for protein detection, based on the unique properties associated with nanoscale phenomena such as plasmon resonance, catalysis and energy transfer. This article reviews a series of nanomaterials including nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanowires, and nanosheets, and evaluates their performances in the application for protein detection, focusing on approaches that realize ultrasensitive detection. Many of these nanomaterials were used to analyze clinically relevant protein biomarkers. Their detection in the picomolar, femtomolar or even zeptomolar regime has been realized, sometimes even with naked-eye readout. We summarize the detection methods and results according to materials and targets, review the current challenges, and discuss the solution in the context of technological integration such as combining nanomaterials with microfluidics, and classical analytical technologies.
纳米材料的进步为蛋白质检测提供了令人兴奋的技术和新型材料，这基于与纳米级现象相关的独特性质，如等离子体共振、催化和能量转移。本文综述了一系列纳米材料，包括纳米粒子、纳米纤维、纳米线和纳米片，并评估了它们在蛋白质检测应用中的性能，重点关注实现超灵敏检测的方法。其中许多纳米材料被用于分析临床相关的蛋白质生物标志物。已经实现了皮摩尔、飞摩尔甚至泽托摩尔级别的检测，有时甚至可以进行肉眼读数。我们根据材料和目标总结了检测方法和结果，回顾了当前的挑战，并讨论了在技术集成（如将纳米材料与微流控技术和经典分析技术相结合）背景下的解决方案。
