Sgnaolin Vanessa, Engroff Paula, Ely Luísa Scheer, Schneider Rodolfo Herberto, Schwanke Carla Helena Augustin, Gomes Irenio, Morrone Fernanda Bueno, de Carli Geraldo Attilio
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2013;35(2):115-8. doi: 10.5581/1516-8484.20130032.
The aims of this study were to analyze the hematological parameters, the prevalence of anemia and the association between anemia and socioeconomic conditions in an elderly community-based population.
A population-based study was performed as part of the Multidimensional Study of the Elderly in Porto Alegre, Brazil (EMIPOA). An initial total of 1058 community residents aged 60 years and older were interviewed. Of these, 392 agreed to have a physical evaluation and a blood sample was taken from each. The hematological parameters analyzed in the blood samples included the hemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW). The association between the variables and the diagnosis of anemia was assessed using the chi-squared test and a multiple logistic regression model.
The overall prevalence of anemia was 12.8%. Anemia was present in 13.7% of women and in 10.4% of men. Normocytic normochromic anemia without anisocytosis was the most common type of anemia (46%). The assessment of erythrocyte morphology showed significant differences between anemic and non-anemic individuals (microcytosis = 12% vs. 1.5%, hypochromia = 40% vs. 8.8%, and anisocytosis = 26% vs. 7%). In the analysis of socioeconomic conditions, significant differences were found in respect to age and race.
The prevalence of anemia increases with age and is associated with race, microcytosis, hypochromia and anisocytosis. Anemia is not a condition that should be associated only with the aging process, as it may be due to pathological conditions that occur most frequently in this age group. As a result, a diagnosis of anemia warrants adequate clinical attention.
本研究旨在分析一个以社区为基础的老年人群的血液学参数、贫血患病率以及贫血与社会经济状况之间的关联。
作为巴西阿雷格里港老年人多维研究（EMIPOA）的一部分，开展了一项基于人群的研究。最初共对1058名60岁及以上的社区居民进行了访谈。其中，392人同意进行体格检查，并采集了每人的血样。血样中分析的血液学参数包括血红蛋白浓度、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）和红细胞分布宽度（RDW）。使用卡方检验和多元逻辑回归模型评估变量与贫血诊断之间的关联。
贫血的总体患病率为12.8%。女性贫血患病率为13.7%，男性为10.4%。无红细胞大小不均一性的正细胞正色素性贫血是最常见的贫血类型（46%）。红细胞形态评估显示贫血个体与非贫血个体之间存在显著差异（小红细胞症 = 12% 对 1.5%，低色素性 = 40% 对 8.8%，红细胞大小不均一性 = 26% 对 7%）。在社会经济状况分析中，发现年龄和种族方面存在显著差异。
贫血患病率随年龄增长而增加，且与种族、小红细胞症、低色素性和红细胞大小不均一性有关。贫血并非仅应与衰老过程相关的病症，因为它可能是该年龄组最常出现的病理状况所致。因此，贫血诊断值得给予充分的临床关注。
