Motohiro T, Oda K, Aramaki M, Kawakami A, Tanaka K, Koga T, Shimada Y, Tomita S, Sakata Y, Tominaga K
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kurume University.
Jpn J Antibiot. 1990 Mar;43(3):503-23.
One-shot intravenous injection of aztreonam (AZT), a monobactam-class beta-lactam antibiotic, 20 mg/kg was administered to 4 neonates and 2 premature infants, a total of 6 cases, and plasma and urinary concentrations and urinary recovery rates were determined. Also, one-shot intravenous injection averaging 70.9 mg/kg/day of AZT alone was given to 0- to 43-day neonates and premature infants in b.i.d. to q.i.d. for an average of 8 days for the treatment (6 cases) and prophylaxis (11 cases) of infections. Furthermore, a combination therapy of AZT and ampicillin (ABPC) was applied to 0- to 79-day neonates and premature infants for the treatment (28 cases) and prophylaxis (18 cases) of infections. Average daily dosage of AZT 46.6 mg/kg was given by one-shot intravenous injection or by drip infusion in b.i.d. or t.i.d. for an average of 8 days. Average daily dosage of ABPC 78.6 mg/kg was given in the same daily frequency, route and average duration as AZT. Thus, clinical effects, prophylactic effects against infection, bacteriological effects as well as side effects and clinical laboratory test values were studied with the following results. 1. When AZT 20 mg/kg was administered to 1 case each of 6- and 7-day neonates by one-shot intravenous injection, the plasma concentrations were the highest at 5 minutes after the administration in both cases. Specifically, they were 62.9 and 72.7 micrograms/ml with AUCs of 216.6 and 231.6 micrograms.hr/ml and half-lives of 2.80 and 2.97 hours, respectively. When AZT 20 mg/kg was administered to 5- and 6-day premature infants by one-shot intravenous injection, the plasma concentrations were the highest at 15 minutes after administration in the former and 5 minutes in the latter, at values of 59.8 and 67.7 micrograms/ml, respectively. AUCs were 356.6 and 363.2 micrograms.hr/ml, respectively, and larger than AUCs of the above-mentioned neonates. Half-lives were 5.74 and 4.87 hours, respectively and longer than those of the above-mentioned neonates. When AZT 20 mg/kg was administered to 8- and 13-day neonates by one-shot intravenous injection, the plasma concentrations were the highest at 30 minutes after administration in the former and 5 minutes in the latter, at values of 43.4 and 76.9 micrograms/ml, respectively. AUCs were 202.9 and 189.8 micrograms.hr/ml, and 76.9 micrograms/ml, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
对4例新生儿和2例早产儿（共6例）单次静脉注射20mg/kg氨曲南（AZT，一种单环β-内酰胺类抗生素），并测定血浆和尿液浓度以及尿液回收率。此外，对0至43日龄的新生儿和早产儿单独给予平均剂量为70.9mg/kg/天的AZT，每天分2至4次静脉注射，平均给药8天，用于感染的治疗（6例）和预防（11例）。此外，对0至79日龄的新生儿和早产儿采用AZT与氨苄西林（ABPC）联合治疗，用于感染的治疗（28例）和预防（18例）。AZT平均每日剂量46.6mg/kg，通过单次静脉注射或每日2至3次静脉滴注给药，平均给药8天。ABPC平均每日剂量78.6mg/kg，给药频率、途径和平均疗程与AZT相同。由此，研究了临床效果、抗感染预防效果、细菌学效果以及副作用和临床实验室检查值，结果如下。1. 对6日龄和7日龄的新生儿各1例单次静脉注射20mg/kg的AZT，两例给药后5分钟血浆浓度均最高。具体而言，分别为62.9和72.7μg/ml，AUC分别为216.6和231.6μg·hr/ml，半衰期分别为2.80和2.97小时。对5日龄和6日龄的早产儿单次静脉注射20mg/kg的AZT，前者给药后15分钟血浆浓度最高，为59.8μg/ml，后者给药后5分钟血浆浓度最高，为67.7μg/ml。AUC分别为356.6和363.2μg·hr/ml，均高于上述新生儿的AUC。半衰期分别为5.74和4.87小时，长于上述新生儿的半衰期。对8日龄和13日龄的新生儿单次静脉注射20mg/kg的AZT，前者给药后30分钟血浆浓度最高，为43.4μg/ml，后者给药后5分钟血浆浓度最高，为76.9μg/ml。AUC分别为202.9和189.8μg·hr/ml，以及76.9μg/ml。（摘要截断于400字）
