Sunakawa K, Ishizuka Y, Saito N, Akita H, Iwata S, Sato Y, Oikawa T
Department of Pediatrics, Second Tokyo National Hospital.
Jpn J Antibiot. 1990 Mar;43(3):413-23.
Aztreonam (AZT) was studied for its pharmacokinetics, clinical effect and effect on intestinal bacterial flora in neonates, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Serum concentrations of AZT upon intravenous administration of 20 mg/kg were 38.6 micrograms/ml in 30 minutes, 30.6 micrograms/ml in 1 hour and 13.6 micrograms/ml in 6 hours. The T 1/2 was 3.73 hours. Ampicillin (ABPC) 25 mg/kg was concurrently used with AZT in 2 cases and serum concentrations of AZT in these 2 cases were 40.3 and 36.9 micrograms/ml in 30 minutes, 35.7 and 32.6 micrograms/ml in 1 hour, and 13.1 and 10.2 micrograms/ml in 6 hours, respectively. T 1/2's were 3.32 and 2.91 hours, respectively, and no interaction between the 2 drugs was observed. 2. AZT was administered to 21 neonates between 0 and 83 days of age and ABPC was concurrently administered to 18 of the cases. Clinical evaluation was made in 14 cases, where AZT was remarkably effective in 7 cases, effective in 6 cases and not effective in 1 case. Of the 21 cases, 1 case of diarrhea, 1 case each of eosinophilia, an increase in platelets, an increase in platelets and an elevation of GOT and a decrease in platelets were recorded. 3. With respect to effects of AZT on intestinal bacterial flora, fecal concentrations of AZT upon its single administration to 2 cases were low suggesting, there was little effect on the intestinal flora. Some effect on anaerobes, however, was recognized in 4 cases in which ABPC was concurrently used.
对氨曲南（AZT）在新生儿中的药代动力学、临床疗效及对肠道菌群的影响进行了研究，结果总结如下：1. 静脉注射20mg/kg氨曲南后，30分钟时血清浓度为38.6微克/毫升，1小时时为30.6微克/毫升，6小时时为13.6微克/毫升。半衰期为3.73小时。2例同时使用25mg/kg氨苄西林（ABPC）与氨曲南，这2例氨曲南的血清浓度在30分钟时分别为40.3和36.9微克/毫升，1小时时分别为35.7和32.6微克/毫升，6小时时分别为13.1和10.2微克/毫升。半衰期分别为3.32和2.91小时，未观察到两种药物之间的相互作用。2. 对21例年龄在0至83天的新生儿给予氨曲南，其中18例同时给予氨苄西林。对14例进行了临床评估，氨曲南显效7例，有效6例，无效1例。21例中，记录到1例腹泻、1例嗜酸性粒细胞增多、1例血小板增多、1例血小板增多伴谷草转氨酶升高及1例血小板减少。3. 关于氨曲南对肠道菌群的影响，对2例单次给药后氨曲南的粪便浓度较低，提示对肠道菌群影响较小。然而，在4例同时使用氨苄西林的病例中，发现对厌氧菌有一定影响。
