School of Psychological Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Victoria, Australia.
Brain Behav Immun. 2013 Oct;33:74-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.05.010. Epub 2013 Jun 3.
Physiological indices of stress and ill-health (cortisol and salivary immunoglobulin A) were assessed to determine if they were predicted by Siegrist's effort-reward imbalance model (ERI) with an aim of identifying employees at risk of illness. Male Australian dairy farmers (N=66) completed the Perceived Stress Scale, Work related Questions II & III, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised--Short and demographic questions and provided morning saliva samples (at awakening and 30 min post awakening) on a working day, which were subsequently analysed for cortisol and salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration levels. A high percentage (45.5%) of the sample reported an imbalance between efforts and rewards in the workplace that may place them 'at risk' for ill-health. After controlling for disposition, sIgA scores were more successfully predicted by the ERI than the cortisol assessments. Although both efforts and rewards were significantly associated with sIgA, efforts were most strongly associated. The dispositional trait overcommitment, did not moderate the experience of stress on the physiologic indices. The current investigation supports the continued use of sIgA in studies that use biomarkers to assess occupational stress. ERI ratio scores >1 aligned with previous findings that suggest elevated risk of illness for these employees.
生理应激和健康不良的指标（皮质醇和唾液免疫球蛋白 A）进行了评估，以确定它们是否可以通过 Siegrist 的工作压力-回报失衡模型（ERI）来预测，目的是确定有患病风险的员工。澳大利亚男性奶农（N=66）完成了感知压力量表、工作相关问题 II 和 III、艾森克人格问卷修订版——短版和人口统计学问题，并在工作日提供早晨唾液样本（在觉醒时和觉醒后 30 分钟），随后对皮质醇和唾液免疫球蛋白 A（sIgA）浓度水平进行分析。该样本中有 45.5%的人报告说，工作场所的努力与回报之间存在不平衡，这可能使他们“有患病风险”。在控制性格倾向后，ERI 比皮质醇评估更能成功预测 sIgA 评分。尽管努力和回报都与 sIgA 显著相关，但努力与 sIgA 的相关性最强。性格倾向过度承诺并没有调节生理指标上的压力体验。目前的研究支持继续使用 sIgA 在使用生物标志物评估职业压力的研究中。ERI 比值>1 与之前的研究结果一致，即这些员工患病的风险增加。
