Skoczyński Szymon, Tażbirek Maciej, Pierzchała Władysław
Szymon Skoczyński Katedra i Klinika Pneumonologii w Katowicach ŚUM w Katowicach, ul. Medyków 14, Katowice.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol. 2013;81(4):380-9.
Non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) is a modern method of chronic respiratory failure (CRF) treatment. With the development of medicine and society known as "western", the number of elderly people, in whom there is overlapping of chronic diseases such as COPD, is growing. In adult population NIV is used in the treatment of neuromuscular diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or spinal muscular atrophy. The other main indications include restrictive diseases such as kyphoscoliosis, pulmonary diseases with COPD which is the primary indication, and various forms of central apnea syndrome with epidemiologically essential role of obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). In each of those indications, and in different patients, the mode and ventilation intensity may significantly differ. The aim of this review is to disseminate knowledge on the potential role of NIV in adults with CRF. This paper attempts to analyze the available knowledge concerning NIV in adults with CRF. Special attention is paid to the potential pathomechanisms which should become the subject of future research.
无创机械通气（NIV）是治疗慢性呼吸衰竭（CRF）的一种现代方法。随着被称为“西方”的医学和社会的发展，患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）等慢性疾病重叠的老年人数量正在增加。在成年人群中，NIV用于治疗诸如肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）或脊髓性肌萎缩症等神经肌肉疾病。其他主要适应症包括诸如脊柱后凸侧弯等限制性疾病、以COPD为主要适应症的肺部疾病以及各种形式的中枢性呼吸暂停综合征，其中肥胖低通气综合征（OHS）在流行病学上具有重要作用。在这些适应症中的每一种以及不同患者中，通气模式和强度可能会有显著差异。本综述的目的是传播关于NIV在成年CRF患者中的潜在作用的知识。本文试图分析有关成年CRF患者NIV的现有知识。特别关注那些应成为未来研究主题的潜在发病机制。
