Lifson Alan R, Demisse Workneh, Ketema Kassu, Tadesse Alemayehu, May Randy, Yakob Bereket, Slater Lucy, Shenie Tibebe
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care. 2013 Sep-Oct;12(5):306-11. doi: 10.1177/2325957413488199. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
Goals of universal "test and treat" will never be fully realized if testing acceptance remains low, including rural areas, where HIV is increasingly recognized. We surveyed 250 randomly selected households from a rural Ethiopian town (Arba Minch) and surrounding villages about HIV testing experience, knowledge, and attitudes. Of the 558 adults, 45% were never HIV tested. Those never tested for HIV were more likely to be (P < .05) ≥45 years, rural villagers, and unaware of the benefits of antiretroviral therapy treatment and that persons with HIV can appear healthy; they were more likely to believe HIV-infected persons would be stigmatized and unsupported by their communities. Of those never tested, 70% were interested in HIV testing if offered. Despite recommendations that all persons be HIV tested, almost half of the adult residents in this rural community were never tested. Programs to increase HIV testing must include measures to address stigma/discrimination and knowledge deficits including benefits of early diagnosis and treatment.
如果包括农村地区在内的检测接受率仍然很低，普遍“检测与治疗”的目标就永远无法完全实现，而在农村地区，艾滋病毒正日益受到关注。我们从埃塞俄比亚一个农村城镇（阿巴明奇）及其周边村庄随机抽取了250户家庭，调查他们的艾滋病毒检测经历、知识和态度。在558名成年人中，45%从未接受过艾滋病毒检测。那些从未接受过艾滋病毒检测的人更有可能（P<0.05）年龄≥45岁、是农村村民，并且不了解抗逆转录病毒治疗的益处以及艾滋病毒感染者可能看起来健康；他们更有可能认为艾滋病毒感染者会受到社区的污名化和不支持。在那些从未接受检测的人中，70%表示如果有机会，愿意接受艾滋病毒检测。尽管建议所有人都进行艾滋病毒检测，但这个农村社区几乎一半的成年居民从未接受过检测。提高艾滋病毒检测率的项目必须包括应对污名化/歧视和知识缺陷的措施，包括早期诊断和治疗的益处。
