Harvard University, MA, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2013 Jul 1;24(7):1226-33. doi: 10.1177/0956797612471540. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
Identifying the precise locus of general cognitive ability (g) in the flow of information between perception and action is an important goal of differential psychology. To localize the negative correlation between g and reaction time to a specific processing stage, we administered a speeded number-comparison task to two groups differing in average g. The participants had to respond to two stimuli in each trial, which produced the well-known slowing of the second reaction time known as the psychological refractory period. The difference in the second reaction time favoring the high-g group doubled as the stimulus onsets became very close together. This finding affirms that the faster reaction times of higher-g individuals reflect an advantage exclusively in the serial bottleneck of central processing and not in the parallel peripheral stages.
确定一般认知能力（g）在感知和动作之间信息流中的精确位置是差异心理学的一个重要目标。为了将 g 与反应时之间的负相关定位到特定的加工阶段，我们对两组平均 g 值不同的个体进行了速度化的数字比较任务。参与者在每次试验中都必须对两个刺激做出反应，这会导致众所周知的第二个反应时变慢，即心理不应期。当刺激起始非常接近时，高 g 值组的第二个反应时的差异增加了一倍。这一发现证实，高 g 值个体的更快反应时间反映了他们在中央处理的串行瓶颈中具有优势，而不是在并行的外围阶段。
