Miller Jeff, Ulrich Rolf, Rolke Bettina
Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Cogn Psychol. 2009 May;58(3):273-310. doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2006.08.003. Epub 2009 Mar 17.
Within the context of the psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm, we developed a general theoretical framework for deciding when it is more efficient to process two tasks in serial and when it is more efficient to process them in parallel. This analysis suggests that a serial mode is more efficient than a parallel mode under a wide variety of conditions and thereby suggests that ubiquitous evidence of serial processing in PRP tasks could result from performance optimization rather than from a structural bottleneck. The analysis further suggests that the experimenter-selected distribution of stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) influences the relative efficiency of the serial and parallel modes, with a preponderance of short SOAs favoring a parallel mode. Experiments varying the distribution of SOAs were conducted, and the results suggest that there is a shift from a more serial mode to a more parallel mode as the likelihood of short SOAs increases.
在心理不应期（PRP）范式的背景下，我们开发了一个通用的理论框架，用于确定何时以串行方式处理两项任务更高效，以及何时以并行方式处理它们更高效。该分析表明，在多种条件下，串行模式比并行模式更高效，从而表明PRP任务中普遍存在的串行处理证据可能源于性能优化而非结构瓶颈。该分析进一步表明，实验者选择的刺激起始异步（SOA）分布会影响串行和并行模式的相对效率，短SOA占优势有利于并行模式。我们进行了改变SOA分布的实验，结果表明，随着短SOA可能性的增加，会从更串行的模式转变为更并行的模式。
