Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2014 Jul;81(1):45-51. doi: 10.1111/cen.12261. Epub 2013 Jul 8.
We aimed to identify potential correlates or risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a cohort of schoolchildren. We quantified the prevalence of MetS, analysed the clustering of MetS components and described the distribution of metabolic parameters not included in MetS definition.
Population-based, cross-sectional study.
A total of 489 children (6·7-13 years) representing the 92·6% of the whole school population between the 1st year of primary school and the 2nd year of junior high school living in a centre of southern Italy. Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), laboratory parameters (indexes of glucose metabolism, lipid profile and uric acid), anamnestic and parental information, lifestyle and dietary habits were collected. Dietary habits data were available only for 353 children.
MetS prevalence was 9·8%. Of 48 children with MetS, 38 (79·2%) were simultaneously positive for abdominal obesity and elevated BP. In children with MetS, the prevalence of insulin resistance, high insulin, high non-HDL(high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol and high uric acid was higher than in children without MetS. In 6·7-10-year-old children, only the presence of parental history of obesity [odds ratio (OR) = 4·3, 95% CI = 1·8-10·2] was higher in those with MetS than in those without. In 10·1-13-year-old children, the presence of parental history of obesity, the habits of no walking/cycling to school, long screen time and no breakfast consumption were higher in children with MetS than in those without, but only parental history of obesity (adjusted OR = 3·8, 95% CI = 1·7-8·4) remained significantly related to MetS in multivariate logistic regression.
Parental obesity was strictly associated with MetS in all children and should be considered in clinical practice. In older children, wrong lifestyle and dietary habits were related to parental obesity.
我们旨在确定一个学童队列中代谢综合征（MetS）的潜在相关因素或风险因素。我们量化了 MetS 的患病率，分析了 MetS 成分的聚类，并描述了代谢参数的分布，这些参数未包含在 MetS 定义中。
基于人群的横断面研究。
共有 489 名儿童（6.7-13 岁），代表意大利南部一个中心的整个小学和初中一年级至二年级之间的整个学校人口的 92.6%。收集体重、身高、腰围、血压（BP）、实验室参数（葡萄糖代谢、血脂谱和尿酸指数）、病史和父母信息、生活方式和饮食习惯。仅为 353 名儿童提供了饮食习惯数据。
MetS 的患病率为 9.8%。在 48 名患有 MetS 的儿童中，有 38 名（79.2%）同时存在腹部肥胖和血压升高。在患有 MetS 的儿童中，胰岛素抵抗、高胰岛素、高非高密度脂蛋白（高密度脂蛋白）胆固醇和高尿酸血症的患病率高于无 MetS 的儿童。在 6.7-10 岁的儿童中，只有父母肥胖史（优势比[OR] = 4.3，95%置信区间[CI] = 1.8-10.2）在患有 MetS 的儿童中高于无 MetS 的儿童。在 10.1-13 岁的儿童中，患有 MetS 的儿童比没有 MetS 的儿童中，父母肥胖史、无步行/骑车上学、长时间使用屏幕和不吃早餐的习惯更高，但只有父母肥胖史（调整后的 OR = 3.8，95%CI = 1.7-8.4）在多变量逻辑回归中与 MetS 显著相关。
父母肥胖与所有儿童的 MetS 密切相关，应在临床实践中考虑。在年龄较大的儿童中，错误的生活方式和饮食习惯与父母肥胖有关。
