School of Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
J Hum Evol. 2013 Aug;65(2):93-108. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2013.03.007. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
The Acheulean to Middle Palaeolithic transition is one of the most important technological changes that occurs over the course of human evolution. Here we examine stone artefact assemblages from Patpara and two other excavated sites in the Middle Son Valley, India, which show a mosaic of attributes associated with Acheulean and Middle Palaeolithic industries. The bifaces from these sites are very refined and generally small, but also highly variable in size. A strong relationship between flake scar density and biface size indicates extensive differential resharpening. There are relatively low proportions of bifaces at these sites, with more emphasis on small flake tools struck from recurrent Levallois cores. The eventual demise of large bifaces may be attributed to the curation of small prepared cores from which sharper, or more task-specific flakes were struck. Levallois technology appears to have arisen out of adapting aspects of handaxe knapping, including shaping of surfaces, the utilization of two inter-dependent surfaces, and the striking of invasive thinning flakes. The generativity, hierarchical organization of action, and recursion evident in recurrent Levallois technology may be attributed to improvements in working memory.
阿舍利到中更新世过渡是人类进化过程中发生的最重要的技术变革之一。在这里，我们研究了印度中巽他河谷的帕塔拉和另外两个挖掘地点的石器组合，这些地点显示出与阿舍利工业和中更新世工业相关的属性的马赛克。这些地点的两面器非常精细，通常很小，但大小也高度可变。薄片疤痕密度与两面器大小之间的强烈关系表明了广泛的差异再磨。这些地点的两面器比例相对较低，更多地强调从小的重复使用的勒瓦娄哇核心上打出的薄片工具。大型两面器最终消失可能归因于对小型预制核心的管理，这些核心上可以打出更锋利或更具特定任务的薄片。勒瓦娄哇技术似乎是从手斧加工技术中发展而来的，包括表面的塑造、两个相互依存的表面的利用以及侵入性的变薄薄片的打击。在重复使用的勒瓦娄哇技术中明显的生成性、行动的层次组织和递归，可能归因于工作记忆的提高。
