Catalytic Processes and Materials, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
Bioresour Technol. 2013 Aug;142:353-60. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.05.023. Epub 2013 May 16.
Upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapors over 20 wt.% Na2CO3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was studied in a lab-scale fix-bed reactor at 500°C. Characterization of the catalyst using SEM and XRD has shown that sodium carbonate is well-dispersed on the support γ-Al2O3. TGA and (23)Na MAS NMR suggested the formation of new hydrated sodium phase, which is likely responsible for the high activity of the catalyst. Catalytic oil has much lower oxygen content (12.3 wt.%) compared to non-catalytic oil (42.1 wt.%). This comes together with a tremendous increase in the energy density (37 compared to 19 MJ kg(-1)). Decarboxylation of carboxylic acids was favoured on the catalyst, resulting to an oil almost neutral (TAN=3.8mg KOH/g oil and pH=6.5). However, the mentioned decarboxylation resulted in the formation of carbonyls, which correlates to low stability of the oil. Catalytic pyrolysis results in a bio-oil which resembles a fossil fuel oil in its properties.
在 500°C 的实验室固定床反应器中，研究了在 20wt.%Na2CO3/γ-Al2O3 催化剂上升级生物质热解蒸汽。使用 SEM 和 XRD 对催化剂进行的表征表明，碳酸钠很好地分散在载体 γ-Al2O3 上。TGA 和 (23)Na MAS NMR 表明形成了新的水合钠相，这可能是催化剂高活性的原因。与非催化油（42.1wt.%）相比，催化油的含氧量（12.3wt.%）要低得多。这与能量密度的大幅增加（37 与 19 MJ kg(-1)）相结合。在催化剂上，羧酸的脱羧作用受到青睐，导致油几乎呈中性（TAN=3.8mg KOH/g 油和 pH=6.5）。然而，上述脱羧作用导致了羰基的形成，这与油的低稳定性有关。催化热解得到的生物油在性质上类似于化石燃料油。
