Nielsen D H, Harris J M, Minton Y M, Motley N S, Rowley J L, Wadsworth C T
Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Phys Ther. 1990 Aug;70(8):487-93. doi: 10.1093/ptj/70.8.487.
The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in selected biomechanical and physiological measurements and subjective preferences for ambulation with the standard single-tip axillary crutch versus the rocker-bottom-type axillary crutch. Self-selected walking velocities (S-SWVs) and stride length for each crutch type were determined for a two-point, non-weight-bearing, swing-through gait in 24 healthy volunteers. Relative exercise intensity, oxygen uptake (VO2), and gait efficiency were assessed for each crutch type at both S-SWVs. Subjects negotiated two architectural barriers (stairs and ramp) and completed a subjective questionnaire concerning crutch preferences. Walking with either crutch type resulted in slower S-SWVs, greater VO2, higher relative exercise intensity, and reduced gait efficiency compared with values for normal unassisted ambulation. An analysis of variance for these variables revealed nonsignificant between-crutch differences. Based on the subjective data, a preference for the standard single-tip crutch was evident. Within the scope of the study, the results supported no apparent advantage relative to energy expenditure to using the rocker-bottom crutch.
本研究的目的是调查在使用标准单尖腋杖与摇椅底型腋杖进行步行时，所选生物力学和生理学测量指标以及主观偏好方面的差异。对24名健康志愿者进行了两点非负重摆动通过步态的测试，确定了每种腋杖类型的自选步行速度（S-SWVs）和步幅。在两个S-SWVs水平下，对每种腋杖类型的相对运动强度、摄氧量（VO2）和步态效率进行了评估。受试者通过了两个建筑障碍物（楼梯和坡道），并完成了一份关于腋杖偏好的主观问卷。与正常无辅助步行的值相比，使用任何一种腋杖类型行走都会导致S-SWVs减慢、VO2增加、相对运动强度提高以及步态效率降低。对这些变量的方差分析显示，两种腋杖之间没有显著差异。基于主观数据，明显更偏好标准单尖腋杖。在本研究范围内，结果表明使用摇椅底腋杖在能量消耗方面没有明显优势。
