Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed). 2013 Jun 1;18(3):1129-40. doi: 10.2741/4168.
Surfactant Protein A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) are calcium-dependent collagen-containing lectins, also called collectins, which play a significant role in surfactant homeostasis and pulmonary immunity. The role of SP-A and SP-D in immune defence is well- established. They are known to bind to a range of microbial pathogens that invade the lungs and target them for phagocytic clearance by resident alveolar macrophages. They are also involved in the clearance of apoptotic and necrotic cells and subsequent resolution of pulmonary inflammation. To date, the molecular mechanisms by which SP-A and SP-D interact with various immune cells are poorly understood. In spite of overall structural similarity, SP-A and SP-D show a number of functional differences in their interaction with surface molecules of microorganisms and host cells. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of ligands and receptors that are known to interact with SP-A and SP-D.
表面活性蛋白 A（SP-A）和 D（SP-D）是钙依赖性富含胶原蛋白的凝集素，也称为 collectins，它们在表面活性剂稳态和肺免疫中发挥重要作用。SP-A 和 SP-D 在免疫防御中的作用已得到充分证实。已知它们与一系列侵袭肺部的微生物病原体结合，并将其靶向驻留的肺泡巨噬细胞进行吞噬清除。它们还参与清除凋亡和坏死细胞，并随后解决肺部炎症。迄今为止，SP-A 和 SP-D 与各种免疫细胞相互作用的分子机制还知之甚少。尽管总体结构相似，但 SP-A 和 SP-D 在与微生物和宿主细胞表面分子相互作用方面表现出许多功能差异。本综述的目的是概述已知与 SP-A 和 SP-D 相互作用的配体和受体的现有知识。
