van Heerden Alastair, Norris Shane, Tollman Stephen, Richter Linda, Rotheram-Borus Mary Jane
Human Sciences Research Council, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.
J Med Internet Res. 2013 Jun 10;15(6):e116. doi: 10.2196/jmir.2207.
Most of the world's women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reside in sub-Saharan Africa. Although efforts to reduce mother-to-child transmission are underway, obtaining complete and accurate data from rural clinical sites to track progress presents a major challenge.
To describe the acceptability and feasibility of mobile phones as a tool for clinic-based face-to-face data collection with pregnant women living with HIV in South Africa.
As part of a larger clinic-based trial, 16 interviewers were trained to conduct mobile phone-assisted personal interviews (MPAPI). These interviewers (participant group 1) completed the same short questionnaire based on items from the Technology Acceptance Model at 3 different time points. Questions were asked before training, after training, and 3 months after deployment to clinic facilities. In addition, before the start of the primary intervention trial in which this substudy was undertaken, 12 mothers living with HIV (MLH) took part in a focus group discussion exploring the acceptability of MPAPI (participant group 2). Finally, a sample of MLH (n=512) enrolled in the primary trial were asked to assess their experience of being interviewed by MPAPI (participant group 3).
Acceptability of the method was found to be high among the 16 interviewers in group 1. Perceived usefulness was reported to be slightly higher than perceived ease of use across the 3 time points. After 3 months of field use, interviewer perceptions of both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness were found to be higher than before training. The feasibility of conducting MPAPI interviews in this setting was found to be high. Network coverage was available in all clinics and hardware, software, cost, and secure transmission to the data center presented no significant challenges over the 21-month period. For the 12 MHL participants in group 2, anxiety about the multimedia capabilities of the phone was evident. Their concern centered on the possibility that their privacy may be invaded by interviewers using the mobile phone camera to photograph them. For participants in group 3, having the interviewer sit beside vs across from the interviewee during the MPAPI interview was received positively by 94.7% of MHL. Privacy (6.3%) and confidentiality (5.3%) concerns were low for group 3 MHL.
Mobile phones were found both to be acceptable and feasible in the collection of maternal and child health data from women living with HIV in South Africa.
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00972699; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00972699 (Archived by WebCite at http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00972699).
世界上大多数感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的女性居住在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。尽管减少母婴传播的工作正在进行，但从农村临床机构获取完整准确的数据以跟踪进展仍面临重大挑战。
描述在南非使用手机作为工具对感染HIV的孕妇进行基于诊所的面对面数据收集的可接受性和可行性。
作为一项更大规模的基于诊所的试验的一部分，16名访谈员接受了手机辅助个人访谈（MPAPI）的培训。这些访谈员（参与组1）在3个不同时间点根据技术接受模型的项目完成了相同的简短问卷。在培训前、培训后以及部署到诊所设施3个月后进行提问。此外，在开展本子研究的主要干预试验开始前，12名感染HIV的母亲（MLH）参加了焦点小组讨论，探讨MPAPI的可接受性（参与组2）。最后，对参与主要试验的MLH样本（n = 512）进行询问，以评估他们接受MPAPI访谈的体验（参与组3）。
在参与组1的16名访谈员中，该方法的可接受性较高。在3个时间点上，感知有用性被报告略高于感知易用性。经过3个月的实地使用，访谈员对感知易用性和感知有用性的看法均高于培训前。发现在这种情况下进行MPAPI访谈的可行性较高。在21个月期间，所有诊所均有网络覆盖，硬件、软件、成本以及向数据中心的安全传输均未构成重大挑战。对于参与组2的12名MLH参与者，对手机多媒体功能的焦虑明显。他们的担忧集中在访谈员可能使用手机摄像头拍摄他们从而侵犯其隐私的可能性上。对于参与组3的参与者，在MPAPI访谈期间，访谈员坐在受访者旁边而非对面得到了94.7%的MLH的肯定。参与组3的MLH对隐私（6.3%）和保密性（5.3%）的担忧较低。
在南非，发现手机在从感染HIV的女性中收集母婴健康数据方面既具有可接受性又具有可行性。
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00972699；http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00972699（由WebCite存档于http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00972699）。
