Department of Dentistry, Vita Salute University, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2013 May-Jun;28(3):869-74. doi: 10.11607/jomi.2679.
To report the application of an electrical mallet (magnetic mallet) in osteotome-assisted surgery for sinus floor elevation with implants placed in fresh sockets and 2-year follow-up.
A total of 32 patients (70 implants, 36 in the molar and 34 in the premolar regions) requiring extractions of maxillary premolars and molars were included in this prospective study. In all cases, implants were positioned immediately after tooth extraction. The implant site was prepared with osteotomes pushed by a magnetic mallet. Intraoral digital radiographic measurements were reported at 70 days and 1 and 2 years. Initial alveolar bone height and mean gained alveolar bone height were calculated for each implant over time. All implants were followed for 2 years.
One of 70 implants failed 1 month after surgery. This implant was successfully replaced 6 months later. The cumulative survival rate at 2 years was 98.57%. After surgery, no membrane perforation was reported, and no patient experienced vertigo, distress, nausea, and vomiting. Radiographic results were reported at 70 days and 1 and 2 years from implant placement. The alveolar bone gain following 70 days of healing resulted in a mean value of 2.63 ± 1.01 mm and, at 2 years from implant placement, was stable at 4.08 ± 1.25 mm. Statistically significant differences (P < .05) between values at 70 days and 1 year were reported, whereas there were no statistically significant differences (P > .05) between 1 and 2 years.
The electrical mallet represents a fast and accurate instrument for placing bone expanders in fresh socket implants and simultaneous sinus floor elevation to avoid patient distress.
报告在牙种植术中应用电锤（磁性锤）辅助骨凿提升窦底，同时植入新鲜牙槽窝，并进行 2 年随访。
本前瞻性研究共纳入 32 例（70 枚种植体，磨牙区 36 枚，前磨牙区 34 枚）需要拔除上颌前磨牙和磨牙的患者。所有病例均在拔牙后即刻植入种植体。使用磁性锤推动骨凿预备种植体部位。于术后 70 天、1 年和 2 年进行口腔内数字化放射学测量。计算每个种植体随时间推移的初始牙槽骨高度和平均获得的牙槽骨高度。所有种植体均随访 2 年。
70 枚种植体中有 1 枚在术后 1 个月失败，6 个月后成功更换。2 年累积存活率为 98.57%。术后无膜穿孔发生，无患者出现眩晕、不适、恶心和呕吐。术后 70 天、1 年和 2 年进行放射学检查。70 天愈合期后牙槽骨获得的平均骨增量为 2.63±1.01mm，植入后 2 年时稳定在 4.08±1.25mm。70 天和 1 年时的数值存在统计学显著差异（P＜0.05），而 1 年和 2 年时的数值无统计学显著差异（P＞0.05）。
电锤是一种快速、准确的仪器，可用于在新鲜牙槽窝种植体中放置骨扩张器，同时提升窦底，避免患者不适。
