Vieira Joana B, Almeida Pedro R, Ferreira-Santos Fernando, Barbosa Fernando, Marques-Teixeira João, Marsh Abigail A
Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal, Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA, and School of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal, Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA, and School of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal, Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA, and School of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
Laboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal, Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA, and School of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, PortugalLaboratory of Neuropsychophysiology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal, Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA, and School of Criminology, Faculty of Law, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2014 Aug;9(8):1099-107. doi: 10.1093/scan/nst093. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
Psychopathic traits affect social functioning and the ability to make adaptive decisions in social interactions. This study investigated how psychopathy affects the neural mechanisms that are recruited to make decisions in the ultimatum game. Thirty-five adult participants recruited from the community underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning while they performed the ultimatum game under high and low cognitive load. Across load conditions, high psychopathy scorers rejected unfair offers in the same proportion as low scorers, but perceived them as less unfair. Among low scorers, the perceived fairness of offers predicted acceptance rates, whereas in high scorers no association was found. Imaging results revealed that responses in each group were associated with distinct patterns of brain activation, indicating divergent decision mechanisms. Acceptance of unfair offers was associated with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity in low scorers and ventromedial prefrontal cortex activity in high scorers. Overall, our findings point to distinct motivations for rejecting unfair offers in individuals who vary in psychopathic traits, with rejections in high psychopathy scorers being probably induced by frustration. Implications of these results for models of ventromedial prefrontal cortex dysfunction in psychopathy are discussed.
精神病态特质会影响社交功能以及在社交互动中做出适应性决策的能力。本研究调查了精神病态如何影响在最后通牒博弈中做出决策时所涉及的神经机制。从社区招募的35名成年参与者在高认知负荷和低认知负荷下进行最后通牒博弈时接受了功能磁共振成像扫描。在不同负荷条件下，高精神病态得分者拒绝不公平提议的比例与低得分者相同，但他们认为这些提议的不公平程度较低。在低得分者中，提议的感知公平性预测了接受率，而在高得分者中未发现关联。成像结果显示，每组的反应都与不同的大脑激活模式相关，表明决策机制不同。低得分者接受不公平提议与背外侧前额叶皮层活动有关，而高得分者接受不公平提议与腹内侧前额叶皮层活动有关。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，具有不同精神病态特质的个体拒绝不公平提议的动机不同，高精神病态得分者的拒绝可能是由挫折感引起的。讨论了这些结果对精神病态中腹内侧前额叶皮层功能障碍模型的意义。
