Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway,
Cell Tissue Res. 2013 Dec;354(3):671-82. doi: 10.1007/s00441-013-1655-1. Epub 2013 Jun 8.
Satellite cells can be isolated from skeletal muscle biopsies, activated to proliferating myoblasts and differentiated into multinuclear myotubes in culture. These cell cultures represent a model system for intact human skeletal muscle and can be modulated ex vivo. The advantages of this system are that the most relevant genetic background is available for the investigation of human disease (as opposed to rodent cell cultures), the extracellular environment can be precisely controlled and the cells are not immortalized, thereby offering the possibility of studying innate characteristics of the donor. Limitations in differentiation status (fiber type) of the cells and energy metabolism can be improved by proper treatment, such as electrical pulse stimulation to mimic exercise. This review focuses on the way that human myotubes can be employed as a tool for studying metabolism in skeletal muscles, with special attention to changes in muscle energy metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
卫星细胞可以从骨骼肌活检中分离出来，在培养中被激活为增殖的成肌细胞，并分化为多核肌管。这些细胞培养物代表了完整的人体骨骼肌的模型系统，并且可以在体外进行调节。该系统的优点是，可用于研究人类疾病的最相关遗传背景（与啮齿动物细胞培养物相反），可以精确控制细胞外环境，并且细胞不会永生化，从而有可能研究供体的固有特性。通过适当的处理（例如电脉冲刺激以模拟运动）可以改善细胞分化状态（纤维类型）和能量代谢方面的局限性。这篇综述重点介绍了如何将人类肌管用作研究骨骼肌代谢的工具，特别关注肥胖和 2 型糖尿病中肌肉能量代谢的变化。
