Jung Kyunghun, Ruthruff Eric, Gaspelin Nicholas
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, MSC03 2220, Albuquerque, NM, 87131-1161, USA,
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2013 Oct;75(7):1438-50. doi: 10.3758/s13414-013-0468-3.
Much research has suggested that facial identification has some characteristics of automaticity, in that it is rapid, nonconscious, and mandatory. However, little research has tested whether it can occur even if attention is already devoted to the demanding central processes of another task. In the present study, we addressed this type of automaticity using the psychological refractory period paradigm. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants successfully identified familiar faces, even while they were engaged with another task, indicating the automaticity of familiar-face identification. In Experiments 3 and 4, however, participants could not identify unfamiliar faces as automatically as they could identify the familiar faces. We concluded that automatic face identification is possible, but dependent on prior familiarity.
许多研究表明，面部识别具有一些自动性的特征，即它是快速的、无意识的且具有强制性。然而，很少有研究测试过，即使注意力已经集中在另一项任务的高要求核心过程上，面部识别是否仍能发生。在本研究中，我们使用心理不应期范式来研究这种自动性。在实验1和实验2中，参与者即使在忙于另一项任务时也能成功识别熟悉的面孔，这表明熟悉面孔识别具有自动性。然而，在实验3和实验4中，参与者无法像识别熟悉面孔那样自动地识别不熟悉的面孔。我们得出的结论是，自动面部识别是可能的，但依赖于先前的熟悉程度。
