Kristiansen I S
Institutt for samfunnsmedisin, Universitetet i Tromsø.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1990 Jun 30;110(17):2249-52.
Maldistribution of physicians has been a recurrent problem in industrialized countries for more than two hundred years. Several causes have been suggested. This paper tests the hypothesis that the main reason was a rapid increase in the demand for medical manpower. During the years 1979-88, 1,656 new positions were advertised in the Journal of the Norwegian Medical Association. A large number of new positions were advertised in 1979, rather few in the period 1980-83 and very few in the period 1986-87. Most of the increased demand stems from public hospitals and quite little from private health care and occupational health services. Apparently the Primary Health Care Act of 1984 has had only a marginal influence on the market for medical manpower. Vacant positions in remote areas coincided with periods of rapid increase in the demand for medical manpower. However, as competing hypotheses have not been tested, no final conclusions are justified.
两百多年来，医生分布不均一直是工业化国家反复出现的问题。人们提出了几个原因。本文检验了一个假设，即主要原因是对医疗人力的需求迅速增加。在1979年至1988年期间，挪威医学协会杂志刊登了1656个新职位招聘信息。1979年刊登了大量新职位，1980年至1983年期间较少，1986年至1987年期间则极少。需求增加主要源于公立医院，私立医疗保健和职业健康服务方面的需求很少。显然，1984年的《初级卫生保健法》对医疗人力市场的影响微乎其微。偏远地区的空缺职位与医疗人力需求迅速增加的时期相吻合。然而，由于尚未对其他竞争性假设进行检验，因此无法得出最终结论。
