Department of Psychology, Carleton College, Northfield, MN, 55057, USA,
Behav Res Methods. 2014 Mar;46(1):148-58. doi: 10.3758/s13428-013-0356-8.
A widely agreed-upon feature of spoken word recognition is that multiple lexical candidates in memory are simultaneously activated in parallel when a listener hears a word, and that those candidates compete for recognition (Luce, Goldinger, Auer, & Vitevitch, Perception 62:615-625, 2000; Luce & Pisoni, Ear and Hearing 19:1-36, 1998; McClelland & Elman, Cognitive Psychology 18:1-86, 1986). Because the presence of those competitors influences word recognition, much research has sought to quantify the processes of lexical competition. Metrics that quantify lexical competition continuously are more effective predictors of auditory and visual (lipread) spoken word recognition than are the categorical metrics traditionally used (Feld & Sommers, Speech Communication 53:220-228, 2011; Strand & Sommers, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 130:1663-1672, 2011). A limitation of the continuous metrics is that they are somewhat computationally cumbersome and require access to existing speech databases. This article describes the Phi-square Lexical Competition Database (Phi-Lex): an online, searchable database that provides access to multiple metrics of auditory and visual (lipread) lexical competition for English words, available at www.juliastrand.com/phi-lex .
口语识别的一个被广泛认可的特征是，当听者听到一个单词时，记忆中的多个词汇候选词会同时被平行激活，而这些候选词会相互竞争以获得识别（Luce、Goldinger、Auer 和 Vitevitch，《感知》62：615-625，2000；Luce 和 Pisoni，《耳朵与听力》19：1-36，1998；McClelland 和 Elman，《认知心理学》18：1-86，1986）。由于这些竞争对手的存在会影响单词识别，因此许多研究都试图量化词汇竞争的过程。与传统上使用的分类度量标准相比，连续量化词汇竞争的度量标准更能有效预测听觉和视觉（唇读）口语识别（Feld 和 Sommers，《语音通信》53：220-228，2011；Strand 和 Sommers，《美国声学学会杂志》130：1663-1672，2011）。连续度量标准的一个局限性是，它们在计算上有些繁琐，并且需要访问现有的语音数据库。本文描述了 Phi-square 词汇竞争数据库（Phi-Lex）：一个在线、可搜索的数据库，提供了对英语单词的听觉和视觉（唇读）词汇竞争的多个度量标准的访问，可在 www.juliastrand.com/phi-lex 上获得。
